Chip with simple program for Toy

[Daniel Mandic]

Michael A. Terrell wrote:

And it shows in poorly designed electronics, because "It worked in
spice, and the PC board looked nice", but is still a crappy design.

Hi Michael A. Terrell!



Yes. (I think I've read a bit about, at 'Analog Devices Inc.', where to
place parts, or agglomeration of parts, for more fidelity/quality in
real working condition.)

However, I just meant the tool... (Computers etc.)



Best regards,

Daniel Mandic

 

[Daniel Mandic]

Bob Myers wrote:

Even PCB layout software has such problems - you'd think that
something like that would be just a matter of making some code
smart enough to find a path from point A to point B. But does that
code know when sharp corners in that path should be avoided, and
when they're OK? Does it understand noise and crosstalk well
enough to make the appropriate choices in the layout to minimize
those - and is it smart enough to know when it doesn't need to?
Just a few examples out of many...

Bob M.

Hi Bob!


I cannot understand how corners are more bad than round paths. It must
have something to do with electro-magnetical influence (distorted
waves), as the current runs AFAIK in atomic-size which does not make a
difference if there is a corner or not, in that big dimension as that
(the jumping valence-electron in the atomic structure of copper for
example. That's a big place, in that dimension, IMO.).




Best regards,

Daniel Mandic

 

[Daniel Mandic]

Don Bowey wrote:

I know there are still designers who only use Spice or somesuch to
second guess their work.

Don

Hi Don!


I have not really a clue what the parts are doing (some...).
But I am amazed how easy and cheap I can use strong software
(freeware), to do some schematic (mainly for copying existing ones, to
have a nice PADS-file partslist then).
Starting then the PCB Programm, importing the partlist, routing,
wonderful!

Rats Nest!
Great!



Best regards,

Daniel Mandic

 

[Bob Myers]

"Daniel Mandic" <daniel_mandic@aon.at> wrote in message
news:46618247$0$2305$91cee783@newsreader01.highway.telekom.at...

I cannot understand how corners are more bad than round paths. It must
have something to do with electro-magnetical influence (distorted
waves), as the current runs AFAIK in atomic-size which does not make a
difference if there is a corner or not, in that big dimension as that
(the jumping valence-electron in the atomic structure of copper for
example. That's a big place, in that dimension, IMO.).

Without getting into the gory details, which would
require a level of math that can't really be expressed
easily in a newsgroup post, it's not a matter of how big the
corners are with respect to atoms or electrons. The problems
come in, basically, from what happens when you have
an abrupt change in the shape of a conductor in terms of
the electric and magnetic fields around it, the concentration
of current within it, and from these the impedance profile
of the conductor as a whole.

But this is exactly what I meant - if you don't know that
such potential problems exist, and instead simply trust
your tools to "do the right thing," you will inevitably run
into them and be unable to correct the design.

Bob M.

 

[Daniel Mandic]

Bob Myers wrote:

Without getting into the gory details, which would
require a level of math that can't really be expressed
easily in a newsgroup post, it's not a matter of how big the
corners are with respect to atoms or electrons. The problems
come in, basically, from what happens when you have
an abrupt change in the shape of a conductor in terms of
the electric and magnetic fields around it, the concentration
of current within it, and from these the impedance profile
of the conductor as a whole.

I understand. Thanks.

But this is exactly what I meant - if you don't know that
such potential problems exist, and instead simply trust
your tools to "do the right thing," you will inevitably run
into them and be unable to correct the design.

Bob M.

I understand.



Well, then Good Luck ;-)



Best Regards,

Daniel Mandic

 

[me]

spamfree@spam.heaven wrote in news:u7of531m5q3p2aku096ml7j9ub65kuqn3d@
4ax.com:

I happen to have in my bits drawer, three devices in a two pin TO-3
package. The label reads D733 with DIB underneath. The symbol appears
to be a circle with three circumflexes on top of each other, the
bottom being an acute angle and the angle getting more obtuse as it
goes up (if you can follow that)

I have traced this to possibly the following:

Part Number = 2SD551
Manufacturer Name = Various
Average Price = 4.25334
Description = Si NPN Power BJT
V(BR)CEO (V) = 150
V(BR)CBO (V) = 150
I(C) Abs.(A) Collector Current = 12
Absolute Max. Power Diss. (W) = 100
I(CBO) Max. (A) = 100u
h(FE) Min. Static Current Gain = 40
h(FE) Max. Current gain. = 140
@I(C) (A) (Test Condition) = 1.0
@V(CE) (V) (Test Condition) = 5.0
f(T) Min. (Hz) Transition Freq = 15M
Status = Discontinued
Package = TO-3
Military = N "

I understand most of this, but am not sure about:
V(BR)CEO (V) = 150
V(BR)CBO (V) = 150
Are these max voltages above which the thing breaks?

I(C) Abs.(A) Collector Current = 12
Does this mean that it could switch 12 Amps?

f(T) Min. (Hz) Transition Freq = 15M
Not sure what this means.

Any light shone on this would be most gratefully received, or more
succinctly, TIA jack

how about this
http://www.datasheetarchive.com/search.php?q=2SD733

----== Posted via Newsfeeds.Com - Unlimited-Unrestricted-Secure Usenet News==----
http://www.newsfeeds.com The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! 120,000+ Newsgroups
----= East and West-Coast Server Farms - Total Privacy via Encryption =----

 

[Eeyore]

me wrote:

I understand most of this, but am not sure about:
V(BR)CEO (V) = 150

It means breakdown voltage across the collector and emitter with the base terminal
open.

Some manufacturers also quote Vcer and Vcev Which are respectively with a resistor (of
specified value) between base and emitter, and a specified reverse bias voltage on the
base wrt to emitter. Thse values will be a bit higher than Vceo.

V(BR)CBO (V) = 150
Are these max voltages above which the thing breaks?

Vcbo is rather less useful normally. Breakdown is measured as a specific leakage
current.

I(C) Abs.(A) Collector Current = 12
Does this mean that it could switch 12 Amps?

Maximum, taking all other parameters into consideration.

f(T) Min. (Hz) Transition Freq = 15M
Not sure what this means.

fT is the requency at which the device no longer has current gain, measured in an
emitter follower configuration IIRC.

Graham

 

[Andrew Holme]

"Mad Scientist Jr" <usenet_daughter@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1181082328.915396.165520@w5g2000hsg.googlegroups.com...

I would like to hook up a variable capacitor to some audio circuits I
built for learning about synths and amps
(schematics are here:
http://www.geocities.com/usenet_daughter/tone_generators.htm )
http://www.runoffgroove.com/littlegem.html
http://www.runoffgroove.com/ruby.html
http://makezine.com/09/crackerboxamp/
)

because in some of these the capacitors change the pitch, tone or
other qualities.

These circuits run off a 9V battery and use capacitors with ratings
such as
220 uF
100uF,
0.1 uF,
0.01 uF
0.047 uF
so I would want variable caps in this range.
Do these exist? Online all I am seeing is ones rated in pF.

[ Newsgroup list trimmed ]

Variable caps only come in the pF range.

If I want to experiment with a capacitor value, I remove two pins from a
turned-pin IC socket and solder these to my board. Then I can plug-in
different capacitors.

 

[MarkAren]

Hi MSJ,

It's much easier to adjust the resistor (used in conjunction with the
capacitor) to set pitch for a tone generator than to change
capacitance.
see http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/compon.htm under variable resistors

For some audio projects, http://www.techlib.com/electronics/index.html
specifically http://www.techlib.com/electronics/audiooscillators.htm
and http://www.techlib.com/electronics/audioamps.html#LM386

Also look at Project 22, http://sound.westhost.com/p-list.htm

Hope that is a starting point.

Does that help you any ?

Regards,

Mark

PS be careful about posting to too many groups in one go, some people
get grumpy



On Jun 6, 10:25 am, Mad Scientist Jr <usenet_daugh...@yahoo.com>
wrote:

I would like to hook up a variable capacitor to some audio circuits I
built for learning about synths and amps
(schematics are here:http://www.geocities.com/usenet_daughter/tone_generators.htm)http://www.runoffgroove.com/littlegem.htmlhttp://www.runoffgroove.com/ruby.htmlhttp://makezine.com/09/crackerboxamp/
)

because in some of these the capacitors change the pitch, tone or
other qualities.

These circuits run off a 9V battery and use capacitors with ratings
such as
220 uF
100uF,
0.1 uF,
0.01 uF
0.047 uF
so I would want variable caps in this range.
Do these exist? Online all I am seeing is ones rated in pF.

Also, assuming I find these, and get them working in the circuit, and
find a desired setting for a capacitor, how do you measure the
capacitance? I have a multimeter but have really only used it to
measure ohms.

Thanks...

 

[Grostle News]

Hi Mad Scientist Jr., you asked:

how do you measure the capacitance? I have a
multimeter but have really only used it to
measure ohms.

There are some budget priced digital meters available from surplus
electronics sellers that will measure capacitance of caps. The trouble
is they have a very limited range and the ranges of such meters are, in
my [limited] experience, impractical.

However, it may be possible to measure the capacitance of a device by
combining capacitors of known values in series and/or parallel within
the test circuit in order to get a display read out. That display value
can then be, with the simple arithmetic of rules of capacitors in
series and parallel in circuits, a way to measure, by calculation, the
value of an unknown capacitor with a meter of limited range.

Electronics is not my forte in science, so hopefully my claims will be
reviewed here by those who know more about electronics.

The numerical rules of combining capacitors in series and parallel
circuits can be found in most textbooks of basic electronics and in many
textbooks of general physics.

gn

 

[xpyttl]

"Mad Scientist Jr" <usenet_daughter@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1181082328.915396.165520@w5g2000hsg.googlegroups.com...

I would like to hook up a variable capacitor to some audio circuits I
built for learning about synths and amps
(schematics are here:
http://www.geocities.com/usenet_daughter/tone_generators.htm )
http://www.runoffgroove.com/littlegem.html
http://www.runoffgroove.com/ruby.html
http://makezine.com/09/crackerboxamp/
)

because in some of these the capacitors change the pitch, tone or
other qualities.

These circuits run off a 9V battery and use capacitors with ratings
such as
220 uF
100uF,
0.1 uF,
0.01 uF
0.047 uF
so I would want variable caps in this range.
Do these exist? Online all I am seeing is ones rated in pF.

Also, assuming I find these, and get them working in the circuit, and
find a desired setting for a capacitor, how do you measure the
capacitance? I have a multimeter but have really only used it to
measure ohms.

Thanks...

As others have mentioned, these values are not widely available in variables
partly because they are unweildy, and partly because they are rarely needed.

Take a look at your circuits. Many of the capacitors are "uninteresting".
For example, if you look at your "little gem" amplifier, the 100u is simply
filtering the supply (looks like a little overkill), the .01 appears to be
mostly DC blocking, although it is small enough it might have an efffect on
bass response. Ditto for the 220. The only one that looks like it might be
interesting to experiment with is the 0.047. The other circuits are
similar. Capacitors have all sorts of functions in various circuits, and
for many of those functions, playing with the values isn't very satisfying.

Before you go building these things and playing with them, I would suggest
modeling them in some SPICE flavor or another. This would allow you to
experiment with the frequency response without actually building the
circuit. Once you have seen some interesting SPICE responses, *then* go buy
some capacitors.

As far as measuring capacitance, you can buy meters, more commonly LC
meters, and many multimeters include them. You can also make an LC
oscillator, measure its frequency, then put the unknown C in parallel with
the C in the oscillator, and measure the frequency again. You can then
calculate the unknown C. Another way is to put the unknown C in series with
a known resistor, put some RF across it, and measure the voltage drops with
an RF probe. Again, a little math reveals the unknown C.

...

 

[Grostle News]

Grostle News (me) wrote:

The numerical rules of combining capacitors in
series and parallel circuits can be found in most
textbooks of basic electronics and in many
textbooks of general physics.

I think that that should have been:

The numerical rules for determining the capacitance of combined
capacitors in series and parallel with each other WITHIN circuits can be
found in most textbooks of basic electronics and in many textbooks of
general physics.

gn

 

[Charlie Siegrist]

Circa Sun, 10 Jun 2007 02:09:48 -0700 recorded as
<1181466588.531148.57370@n15g2000prd.googlegroups.com> looks like
frank_logic@yahoo.com sounds like:

I have the following Power Supply http://www.globalspecialties.com/1302b.html

I can adjust the voltage by rotating the knob but I can't seem to do
the same for the current. When I rotate the knob, the current stays at
zero Ampere. Is the unit broken or am I doing something wrong here?

First and foremost, do you have a load connected? If so, what is it? That
will get things started.

 

[Lord Garth]

"Mad Scientist Jr" <usenet_daughter@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1182349405.443618.21160@q75g2000hsh.googlegroups.com...

On Jun 19, 7:42 pm, Marra <cresswellave...@talktalk.net> wrote:
I noticed you have no power supply decoupling. maybe add 10uf and
0.1uf across battery.
Needs to be in shielded box too.

Thanks everyone for your replies.

Would it help to put it in this aluminum box and soldering the box to
ground?

http://www.geocities.com/usenet_daughter/preamp_shielding_box.jpg

Thanks...

Plan on have great trouble soldering to aluminum.

 

[Mad Scientist Jr]

Thanks for your reply.

Plan on have great trouble soldering to aluminum.

I thought that too but I pulled that box out of an old mixer, and it
already has a solder glob on it that I could solder to.

BTW what kind of soldering iron do you need to solder to aluminum? How
many watts? Or can you get a good electrical connection to ground by
drilling a hole in the box & sanding the surface with steel wool and
screwing the ground wire to it?


On Jun 20, 7:01 pm, "Lord Garth" <LGa...@Tantalus.net> wrote:

"Mad Scientist Jr" <usenet_daugh...@yahoo.com> wrote in messagenews:1182349405.443618.21160@q75g2000hsh.googlegroups.com...

On Jun 19, 7:42 pm, Marra <cresswellave...@talktalk.net> wrote:
I noticed you have no power supply decoupling. maybe add 10uf and
0.1uf across battery.
Needs to be in shielded box too.

Thanks everyone for your replies.

Would it help to put it in this aluminum box and soldering the box to
ground?

http://www.geocities.com/usenet_daughter/preamp_shielding_box.jpg

Thanks...

Plan on have great trouble soldering to aluminum.

 

[John O'Flaherty]

On Jun 26, 6:50 am, "JANA" <j...@NOSPAMca.inter.net> wrote:
{snipped}

When regular lamps become unavailable, I can see a lot of problems with
these new types of lamps. The biggest one will be the pollution from their
disposal. They use mercury, phosphors, and many types of materials that are
very harmful for the environment.
{snipped}

According to something I heard on the radio, burning coal injects
mercury into the atmosphere, and the net amount of mercury pollution
is less when compact flourescents are used because of the avoided coal
consumption.
--
John

 

[Eeyore]

John O'Flaherty wrote:

On Jun 26, 6:50 am, "JANA" <j...@NOSPAMca.inter.net> wrote:
{snipped}
When regular lamps become unavailable, I can see a lot of problems with
these new types of lamps. The biggest one will be the pollution from their
disposal. They use mercury, phosphors, and many types of materials that are
very harmful for the environment.
{snipped}

According to something I heard on the radio, burning coal injects
mercury into the atmosphere, and the net amount of mercury pollution
is less when compact flourescents are used because of the avoided coal
consumption.

Exactly.

Graham

 

[Stephen J. Rush]

On Tue, 26 Jun 2007 15:53:03 +0000, Eeyore wrote:

The idea of making ethanol fuel from corn is unique to the USA. I hear ADM
regularly named as the culprit here.

Far better to use feedstock that doesn't require intensive agriculture.

Exactly. biomass-derived fuels make good sense only if you make them out
of something that's inedible and doesn't compete with food production for
land or water. There are, for example, some algae that grow well in
seawater and are as much as 30% oil. They would make a nice source of
biodiesel and, with thermal depolymerization, synthetic gasoline. You
don't see much about that in the news, because the states that grow most
of the corn have no seacoast, and it's the corn-state congresscritters
who are driving the ethanol fad. Another idea that's been around forever
with no significant development is anerobic bacterial digestion of sewage
to yield methane. I've seen estimates that a city's sewage stream could
provide 7% of its natural gas. I suspect that people are, at least
subconsciously, revolted by the idea of using sewage to cook their food.

That's not a really big deal, but it could be the difference between
business as usual and an uncomfortable shortage.

 

[Eeyore]

"Stephen J. Rush" wrote:

Eeyore wrote:

The idea of making ethanol fuel from corn is unique to the USA. I hear ADM
regularly named as the culprit here.

Far better to use feedstock that doesn't require intensive agriculture.

Exactly. biomass-derived fuels make good sense only if you make them out
of something that's inedible and doesn't compete with food production for
land or water.

About the fastest growing plant that would be suitable is cannabis ! Of course
the politicians won't like that.

Graham

 

[Phil Allison]

"John O'Flaherty" >

According to something I heard on the radio, burning coal injects
mercury into the atmosphere, and the net amount of mercury pollution
is less when compact flourescents are used because of the avoided coal
consumption.

** But there will not be any avoided coal consumption.

Just a whole lot of mercury, all collected together in local rubbish dumps.



......... Phil