B
Bill Sloman
Guest
On Monday, March 16, 2020 at 8:23:44 PM UTC+11, David Brown wrote:
<snip>
"Ionising" isn't really the right word. It implies that that the radiation is kicking an electron out of the molecules it is hitting.
What UV does when it kills viruses and bacteria is to break chemical bonds.
They don't stay broken for long, but they tend to get recreated in new directions, creating new and slightly different chemical compounds which can be anything from less useful to downright dangerous to the creature whose surface has been irradiated.
> But high frequency, energetic photons are required, and the higher the frequency the better.
Up to a point. The most energetic photons around - X-rays and gamma rays - go straight through most materials (which is what makes X-rays useful).
> UVC is higher frequency than UVB, which is higher than UVA, and UVC therefore does much more damage for the same intensity.
It can get in further, and do a wider range of damaging things.
Absolutely.
What gets through will cause harm, but since very little gets through, it doesn't cause damage at enough sites for you to notice.
Which is what we spent a quite a while telling Dan. Happily he has not only got the message, but has been kind enough to tell us that he's now better informed than he was. This doesn't happen often and should be celebrated when it does.
--
Bill Sloman, Sydney
On 16/03/2020 02:35, dcaster@krl.org wrote:
On Sunday, March 15, 2020 at 8:50:55 AM UTC-4, David Brown wrote:
On 14/03/2020 18:55, dcaster@krl.org wrote:
On Saturday, March 14, 2020 at 11:50:07 AM UTC-4, David Brown
wrote:
<snip>
I'd recommend reading <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet> again.
You are right that photons don't have to be quite energetic enough to be ionising in order to damage DNA or RNA (you don't "kill" viruses, because they are not alive - you render them non-viable).
"Ionising" isn't really the right word. It implies that that the radiation is kicking an electron out of the molecules it is hitting.
What UV does when it kills viruses and bacteria is to break chemical bonds.
They don't stay broken for long, but they tend to get recreated in new directions, creating new and slightly different chemical compounds which can be anything from less useful to downright dangerous to the creature whose surface has been irradiated.
> But high frequency, energetic photons are required, and the higher the frequency the better.
Up to a point. The most energetic photons around - X-rays and gamma rays - go straight through most materials (which is what makes X-rays useful).
> UVC is higher frequency than UVB, which is higher than UVA, and UVC therefore does much more damage for the same intensity.
It can get in further, and do a wider range of damaging things.
It is meaningless to give a specific safe exposure time without
specifying the intensity of radiation.
Absolutely.
With high enough intensity, a
few milliseconds of UVC will kill you. With the levels that pass
through the atmosphere (which absorbs almost all UVC from the sun), you
will not cause any harm to your skin.
What gets through will cause harm, but since very little gets through, it doesn't cause damage at enough sites for you to notice.
It is important in any such discussion to make a distinction between the
frequency (and therefore energy per photon) of the radiation, and the
intensity (the number of photons).
Which is what we spent a quite a while telling Dan. Happily he has not only got the message, but has been kind enough to tell us that he's now better informed than he was. This doesn't happen often and should be celebrated when it does.
--
Bill Sloman, Sydney