Speaker overload (tweeter) protection using bulbs (repost)

[George's Pro Sound Compan]

"Jamie" <jamie_ka1lpa_not_valid_after_ka1lpa_@charter.net> wrote in message
news:IeZTk.199$%O2.156@newsfe20.iad...

liquidator wrote:

"Jamie" <jamie_ka1lpa_not_valid_after_ka1lpa_@charter.net> wrote in
message
newscXTk.5083$ev2.1866@newsfe12.iad...

George's Pro Sound Company wrote:


"William Sommerwerck" <grizzledgeezer@comcast.net> wrote in message
news:gfp0ol$f7q$1@news.motzarella.org...


the easiest way to overdrive a speaker is to use a[n] amp
larger than the speaker[']s rateing [sic]

Actually, the easiest way to overdrive a speaker is to play it at a

level

where it produces audible distortion. But as most listeners have no
idea
what distortion sounds like...


OTOH distortion does not destroy speakers, speakers are as happy to play
distortion as clean signal
only when you exceed the heat dissipating ability of the motor do you

burn

out a speaker

clipping does not damage speakers and distortion does not damage

speakers,

its overheating and over excursion that damages speakers
distortion is one method of achieving overheating, but you can overheat

with

a spotlessly clean signal as well



Really?, I'll make sure I don't do business with you.

Btw, distortion due to amplifier saturation, even though the amp is
far belong the rating of the speaker can and does over heat the speaker
coil and thus, can terminate the life of a speaker even rated higher
than said amp.



Ahnothetr person with minimal knowledge.

George doesn't always word things the best way, but he knows a lot.

Speakers are rated for average power, over time.

Look at the area under a square wave- it is a lot larger than the area
under
a sine wave. What that means is more power for a longer time. What is
happening is the AMOUNT of power is being increased to a speaker for a
longer TIME.

Plain and simple- that is more power. It is the amout of power over time
that kills the speaker...it can only shed heat so fast, put power in
faster
than that it will burn up.

Simple..just use a bigger amp...and drive it to peak, you can blow the
speaker quickly.

Use a smaller amp, and drive it to its full power for longer, and the
speaker will blow, assuming the amp is big enough to put out that much
average power.
Either way- it is power that is the culprit. The amount of energy being
put
into the speaker...put it in faster than the speaker can sink it, you
will
have thermal failure.

It is not DC as people who skimmed one book and didn't understand it want
to
insist.

Make the amp small enough, the speaker can handle any waveform. Make the
amp
big enough and the speaker will fail instantly with any input at
all...then
there are a million scenarios in between.

I disagreee with George, I use big amps and don't blow speaker,
conversely
people are blowing their 100 watt speakers with "50 watt" amplifiers.

Take a look at an EV speaker rating...xxx watss with pink noise for xxx
hours.

Change the signal, the speaker's rating changes. Incraes the time, the
speaker's rating changes.

Square waves or severe clipping is more power for a longer time. That is
all
it is.

Not DC, not any big mystery, it's a measurable phenomenon.

I do agree with George that sizing amps and sopeakers reduces chance for
failure. But many touring companies use big amps for horns also, larger
amps
tend to hold their resale better, from a business standpoint make more
sense
to me.

Here's a semi pro example-

Loot at the price difference between a Behringer 2500 and a 1500. Not
much...but come resale time you will do a lot better with the 2500..

Business is business, I buy bigger amps. your mileage may vary.


What ever you do think you know as fact, must of come at a great expense
of destroying a lot of electronics.

I take it you do not earn the money to pay your mortgage, put kids through

school, pay your employees , buy cars and all the rest useing speakers and
amplifiers for pro live sound work
if you did you would not be makeing such a jackass out of yourself right now
George

 

[Eeyore]

liquidator wrote:

"Dave Plowman (News)" <dave@davenoise.co.uk> wrote

Suggest you try driving a DC coupled amp into heavy clipping and see the
results to speakers which can nominally handle its output.

You would have flunked electronics 101.

Clipping and DC are not the same thing. That argument was selltled years
ago- only those with minimal knowledge advance it today.

In the early days of DC coupled outputs, some amps still had a degree of
internal AC coupling or bypassing in the drive circuitry.

They could indeed 'drift' DC under prolonged overdrive.

Graham

 

[George's Pro Sound Compan]

"Meat Plow" <meat@petitmorte.net> wrote in message
news:2bmjnj.v86.19.1@news.alt.net...

On Sun, 16 Nov 2008 05:03:47 -0500, "George's Pro Sound Company"
bmoas@yahoo.com>wrote:


"Meat Plow" <meat@petitmorte.net> wrote in message
news:2blg24.qbq.19.4@news.alt.net...
On Sun, 16 Nov 2008 04:25:13 +0000, Eeyore
rabbitsfriendsandrelations@hotmail.com>wrote:



Meat Plow wrote:

"George's Pro Sound Company"wrote:
"Meat Plow" <meat@petitmorte.net> wrote in message
Eeyore wrote:

This is a well established technique for preventing voice coils
burning
out under conditions of 'overdrive'.

There is a stage monitor I'm having problems with that uses this
method.

The HF sounds very distorted and almost cuts in and out.

I looked closely inside and found some damaged push-on terminals.
Ah,
I
thought, probably a poor contact causing the probelm, replaced
them,
checked driver DC resistances etc, reassembled thinking I'd
probably
fixed it.

But no, the low level HF and distortion continued.

I'd checked the DC resistance of the protection bulb but later it
occurred to me that it might have 'very nearly' burnt out and have
a
weak spot that wouldn't show up on a DVM but passing signal would
heat
it and cause this trouble. I'll be able to find out soon enough but
I
wondered if anyone else had ever encountered this ?

In the meantime I brought the HF driver home to check it's not
voice
coil rub.

Been using some Wharfedale stage gear for a year or so. The mains
are
all protected by lamps. I've replaced two in a year but not
experienced a distorted HF. You'll find problems in the xover or
drive
I would assume rather than the lamp.

or maybe it's time to upgrade from that MI grade junk your using
George

Who, me?

From what I've heard they're well considered and in the IAG group now.
http://www.internationalaudiogroup.com/

The Chang brothers don't believe in messing about AIUI.
http://www.internationalaudiogroup.com/executive_summary.php

Graham



We've been using the Warfe pro-audio stuff for a year and have had few
problems. One 2500 watt power amp we used for our 18" subs got sent
back because it was too sensitive and would fault when pushed hard at
4 ohms. The replacement did not exhibit this behavior under the exact
conditions. I've replaced a couple lamp protectors elsewhere.

I wouldn't call Wharfedale junk. It's usable, sounds good and reliable
and a lot less expensive than other name brands.

I consider W home stereo grade gear, not suitable for Pro Live Sound,
below
behringer


Glad to hear it. I don't suppose you're a musician who uses Wharfe
gear or repairs pro audio gear for a living, but rather just another
consumer or retailer who has an opinion.

As far as the Behringer gear goes I have no experience with it so
other than seeing a lot of negative comments about it from those who
do use or repair it i have no opinion.

my opionons are formed by the gear I choose to own or not own, I IN FACT put
my money where my mouth is
I OWN a sr company with a 1/4 million dollars of inventory and events that
have run into the 100,000 attendence range
be at it over 20 years
I feature mostly Meyer Sound Labs gear for the serious rig and behringer for
the disposable low end crap
George

 

[Eeyore]

liquidator wrote:

"Jamie" wrote in message

Btw, distortion due to amplifier saturation,

What is this "amplifier saturation" you talk of ? Please use accepted
terminology.

even though the amp is
far belong the rating of the speaker can and does over heat the speaker
coil and thus, can terminate the life of a speaker even rated higher
than said amp.

Ahnothetr person with minimal knowledge.

This is my experience of Jamie too. He reckons he's some hot shot but constantly
uses the wrong words to describe things for example. His knowledge is also very
dated.

Graham

 

[Eeyore]

George's Pro Sound Company wrote:

I feature mostly Meyer Sound Labs gear for the serious rig and behringer for
the disposable low end crap

I'd love to lnow if Behringer gear destined for the N.A. market still uses
leaded solder. Could exaplin a LOT ! Any chance of asking Jim Savery. I've lost
his contact details.

Graham

 

[Meat Plow]

On Sun, 16 Nov 2008 16:49:14 -0500, "George's Pro Sound Company"
<bmoas@yahoo.com>wrote:

"Meat Plow" <meat@petitmorte.net> wrote in message
news:2bmjnj.v86.19.1@news.alt.net...
On Sun, 16 Nov 2008 05:03:47 -0500, "George's Pro Sound Company"
bmoas@yahoo.com>wrote:


"Meat Plow" <meat@petitmorte.net> wrote in message
news:2blg24.qbq.19.4@news.alt.net...
On Sun, 16 Nov 2008 04:25:13 +0000, Eeyore
rabbitsfriendsandrelations@hotmail.com>wrote:



Meat Plow wrote:

"George's Pro Sound Company"wrote:
"Meat Plow" <meat@petitmorte.net> wrote in message
Eeyore wrote:

This is a well established technique for preventing voice coils
burning
out under conditions of 'overdrive'.

There is a stage monitor I'm having problems with that uses this
method.

The HF sounds very distorted and almost cuts in and out.

I looked closely inside and found some damaged push-on terminals.
Ah,
I
thought, probably a poor contact causing the probelm, replaced
them,
checked driver DC resistances etc, reassembled thinking I'd
probably
fixed it.

But no, the low level HF and distortion continued.

I'd checked the DC resistance of the protection bulb but later it
occurred to me that it might have 'very nearly' burnt out and have
a
weak spot that wouldn't show up on a DVM but passing signal would
heat
it and cause this trouble. I'll be able to find out soon enough but
I
wondered if anyone else had ever encountered this ?

In the meantime I brought the HF driver home to check it's not
voice
coil rub.

Been using some Wharfedale stage gear for a year or so. The mains
are
all protected by lamps. I've replaced two in a year but not
experienced a distorted HF. You'll find problems in the xover or
drive
I would assume rather than the lamp.

or maybe it's time to upgrade from that MI grade junk your using
George

Who, me?

From what I've heard they're well considered and in the IAG group now.
http://www.internationalaudiogroup.com/

The Chang brothers don't believe in messing about AIUI.
http://www.internationalaudiogroup.com/executive_summary.php

Graham



We've been using the Warfe pro-audio stuff for a year and have had few
problems. One 2500 watt power amp we used for our 18" subs got sent
back because it was too sensitive and would fault when pushed hard at
4 ohms. The replacement did not exhibit this behavior under the exact
conditions. I've replaced a couple lamp protectors elsewhere.

I wouldn't call Wharfedale junk. It's usable, sounds good and reliable
and a lot less expensive than other name brands.

I consider W home stereo grade gear, not suitable for Pro Live Sound,
below
behringer


Glad to hear it. I don't suppose you're a musician who uses Wharfe
gear or repairs pro audio gear for a living, but rather just another
consumer or retailer who has an opinion.

As far as the Behringer gear goes I have no experience with it so
other than seeing a lot of negative comments about it from those who
do use or repair it i have no opinion.

my opionons are formed by the gear I choose to own or not own, I IN FACT put
my money where my mouth is
I OWN a sr company with a 1/4 million dollars of inventory and events that
have run into the 100,000 attendence range
be at it over 20 years
I feature mostly Meyer Sound Labs gear for the serious rig and behringer for
the disposable low end crap
George

LOL!

 

[George's Pro Sound Compan]

Glad to hear it. I don't suppose you're a musician who uses Wharfe
gear or repairs pro audio gear for a living, but rather just another
consumer or retailer who has an opinion.

As far as the Behringer gear goes I have no experience with it so
other than seeing a lot of negative comments about it from those who
do use or repair it i have no opinion.

my opionons are formed by the gear I choose to own or not own, I IN FACT
put
my money where my mouth is
I OWN a sr company with a 1/4 million dollars of inventory and events that
have run into the 100,000 attendence range
be at it over 20 years
I feature mostly Meyer Sound Labs gear for the serious rig and behringer
for
the disposable low end crap
George


LOL!

?????????
George

 

[Jamie]

Eeyore wrote:

liquidator wrote:


"Jamie" wrote in message

Btw, distortion due to amplifier saturation,


What is this "amplifier saturation" you talk of ? Please use accepted
terminology.



even though the amp is
far belong the rating of the speaker can and does over heat the speaker
coil and thus, can terminate the life of a speaker even rated higher
than said amp.

Ahnothetr person with minimal knowledge.


This is my experience of Jamie too. He reckons he's some hot shot but constantly
uses the wrong words to describe things for example. His knowledge is also very
dated.

Graham

Graham, you play with toys.. you work with toys.. and as usual,

all you have left is finger pointing because you've lost what ever
you had. That is, if you had anything of value to start with other
than what you find off the backs of others.

Your knowledge of electronics is most likely gained from destroying
an untold amount of components and still to this day, you have to
scratch that bold head of yours and wonder what you did with that last
puff of smoke you allowed to escape.

You boast that your an elite in audio design, from what I've seen you
point out. A mear amateur, expert you are not!.

Thank you and have a nice day, BSA..

http://webpages.charter.net/jamie_5"

 

[Jamie]

Eeyore wrote:

Jamie wrote:


Boy!, you're way out of your league..


Typical Jamie response.

Liquidator knows his stuff 99+ odd % of the time.

Graham

It's not shocking that you would side with him. If I

didn't know any better, the two of you must be collaborating.

It would explain a lot of things.

Graham, the hole your digging is getting bigger.
Please watch your step, I wouldn't want to see any one get
hurt now.

You are not an elite in audio design or any other for that fact,
get over your self. I'm sure you're good for something and maybe
one day you'll find it.


http://webpages.charter.net/jamie_5"

 

[Jamie]

Eeyore wrote:

liquidator wrote:


"Jamie" <jamie_ka1lpa_not_valid_after_ka1lpa_@charter.net> wrote in message

Any one have some hip boots ? my normal boots aren't tall enough!

Jeez- another idiot to killfiter- where are you pointing out what I said was
wrong?


Jamie is notorious (with me at least) for having some very odd ideas sometimes
in the electronics groups. I think he's a little bit out of touch with current
practice in this area.

Graham

LOL, yes, I must say you're correct in this statement..

Because, if you are one that dictates current practices, I
feel sorry for the rest that follows your guide lines! oh
wait, that can never happen. You just simply spit out crap
and never give any useful information that can be used in real life
applications.

You just go on, boasting your fantasy story's..

is there anything you haven't done or don't know?

I know your an old fart and most likely starting to get
senile.


http://webpages.charter.net/jamie_5"

 

[liquidator]

"Eeyore" <rabbitsfriendsandrelations@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:49209003.D30CF091@hotmail.com...

liquidator wrote:

Dave we've gooten off on the wrong foot, but what happens is Eeyore
starts
these damn crossposts.

He has been asked a number of times to stop.

He's a nice fellow but he keeps staring into space and mumbling
"crossposting is good".

What it does is throw groups of people together who don't know each
other...it ALWAYS wstarts fights .PERIOD.

I wish Graham (Eeyore) would stops as he's been asked to- but he's
convinced
he's right, and no amount of logic is gonna change that..

According to the currently accepted rules of netquette, a post that is
relevant
to several groups SHOULD be cross-posted. Most certainly not multiposted.

Explain how it is off-charter in rec.audio.tech or sci.electronics.repair
where
a lot of audio is discussed daily. It was a repair question after all !
And
technical.

It's not against the law to fart in an elevator- just because you CAN do
something is it a good idea?

% out of 5 of your last crossposts have started arguments.

It appears to matter not to you. one can only assume you enjoy the
arguments.

Graham, you know I don't have anything against you. But what happens when
there is a disagreement between people in two different groups is that
persons friends join in, often they don't even understand the discussion,
they are just PO'd somebody is dissing their friiend...such arguments can't
be one by anybody, and anybody who posts more than 3 times to them has way
too much time on their hands. But Usenet is full of people with too much
time on their hands. And too little knowledge.

 

[Jamie]

liquidator wrote:

"Jamie" <jamie_ka1lpa_not_valid_after_ka1lpa_@charter.net> wrote in message
news:IeZTk.199$%O2.156@newsfe20.iad...

liquidator wrote:


"Jamie" <jamie_ka1lpa_not_valid_after_ka1lpa_@charter.net> wrote in

message

newscXTk.5083$ev2.1866@newsfe12.iad...


George's Pro Sound Company wrote:



"William Sommerwerck" <grizzledgeezer@comcast.net> wrote in message
news:gfp0ol$f7q$1@news.motzarella.org...



the easiest way to overdrive a speaker is to use a[n] amp
larger than the speaker[']s rateing [sic]

Actually, the easiest way to overdrive a speaker is to play it at a

level


where it produces audible distortion. But as most listeners have no

idea

what distortion sounds like...


OTOH distortion does not destroy speakers, speakers are as happy to

play

distortion as clean signal
only when you exceed the heat dissipating ability of the motor do you

burn


out a speaker

clipping does not damage speakers and distortion does not damage

speakers,


its overheating and over excursion that damages speakers
distortion is one method of achieving overheating, but you can overheat

with


a spotlessly clean signal as well




Really?, I'll make sure I don't do business with you.

Btw, distortion due to amplifier saturation, even though the amp is
far belong the rating of the speaker can and does over heat the speaker
coil and thus, can terminate the life of a speaker even rated higher
than said amp.



Ahnothetr person with minimal knowledge.

George doesn't always word things the best way, but he knows a lot.

Speakers are rated for average power, over time.

Look at the area under a square wave- it is a lot larger than the area

under

a sine wave. What that means is more power for a longer time. What is
happening is the AMOUNT of power is being increased to a speaker for a
longer TIME.

Plain and simple- that is more power. It is the amout of power over time
that kills the speaker...it can only shed heat so fast, put power in

faster

than that it will burn up.

Simple..just use a bigger amp...and drive it to peak, you can blow the
speaker quickly.

Use a smaller amp, and drive it to its full power for longer, and the
speaker will blow, assuming the amp is big enough to put out that much
average power.
Either way- it is power that is the culprit. The amount of energy being

put

into the speaker...put it in faster than the speaker can sink it, you

will

have thermal failure.

It is not DC as people who skimmed one book and didn't understand it

want to

insist.

Make the amp small enough, the speaker can handle any waveform. Make the

amp

big enough and the speaker will fail instantly with any input at

all...then

there are a million scenarios in between.

I disagreee with George, I use big amps and don't blow speaker,

conversely

people are blowing their 100 watt speakers with "50 watt" amplifiers.

Take a look at an EV speaker rating...xxx watss with pink noise for xxx
hours.

Change the signal, the speaker's rating changes. Incraes the time, the
speaker's rating changes.

Square waves or severe clipping is more power for a longer time. That is

all

it is.

Not DC, not any big mystery, it's a measurable phenomenon.

I do agree with George that sizing amps and sopeakers reduces chance for
failure. But many touring companies use big amps for horns also, larger

amps

tend to hold their resale better, from a business standpoint make more

sense

to me.

Here's a semi pro example-

Loot at the price difference between a Behringer 2500 and a 1500. Not
much...but come resale time you will do a lot better with the 2500..

Business is business, I buy bigger amps. your mileage may vary.



What ever you do think you know as fact, must of come at a great expense
of destroying a lot of electronics.



Again showing your gross ignorance.
As a working pro I'm sure I paid more in taxes than you earned.

Welcome to the killfiles as the only total loss I've seen today.

Dont' bother replying, but your juvenile need to will make you do it anyway.


Thank you very much, and don't worry, my kill file is full of idiots

like you.

P.S.
No one person is over anyone else. Just remember, every one
can be replaced with better than what you think you are.

http://webpages.charter.net/jamie_5"

 

[liquidator]

"Eeyore" <rabbitsfriendsandrelations@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:49208F43.4A85F705@hotmail.com...

out of touch with current
practice .

Voltage and resistance practice too.As well as theory.

Since you insist on groaner puns....

Ghandi of cousre, was an Indian holy man. What is not know as much is he had
to walk everywhere, consequently building up heavy callouses on his feet.

Due to poor diet, he suffered constant ill health and bad breath.

He was a super calloused fragile mystic vexed by halitosis.

I hope that settles the matter.

 

[liquidator]

"Eeyore" <rabbitsfriendsandrelations@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:49209496.98834AB3@hotmail.com...

liquidator wrote:

"Dave Plowman (News)" <dave@davenoise.co.uk> wrote

Suggest you try driving a DC coupled amp into heavy clipping and see
the
results to speakers which can nominally handle its output.

You would have flunked electronics 101.

Clipping and DC are not the same thing. That argument was selltled years
ago- only those with minimal knowledge advance it today.

In the early days of DC coupled outputs, some amps still had a degree of
internal AC coupling or bypassing in the drive circuitry.

They could indeed 'drift' DC under prolonged overdrive.

You are spot on with that condition...but I assumed that we would be talking
about "current" amps.

I wouldn't be using any of those old amps on the job.

 

[liquidator]

"Eeyore" <rabbitsfriendsandrelations@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:49208A13.E8DE1986@hotmail.com...

George's Pro Sound Company wrote:

"William Sommerwerck" <grizzledgeezer@comcast.net> wrote

What gets you up so early on a Sunday? (I'm on the west coast,
and have been up since 2AM.)

went out had a couple of dogfish 90 minutes and that set me down
early(8pm) some days your just not tired at 4 am

As in...

http://www.dogfish.com/brewings/Seasonal_Beers/Punkin_Ale/3/index.htm

Same brewery but this IPA

http://www.dogfish.com/brewings/Year_Round_Beers/90_Minute_IPA/11/index.htm

Are you familiar with the origin of the name 'IPA' ?

Curious- India Pale? No I'd be interested in where the term came from...I
knew the gin and tonic came from having to drink quinine against malaria.

 

[George's Pro Sound Compan]

"liquidator" <mikeh@mad.scientist.com> wrote in message
news:gfq8bs$jeu$1@aioe.org...

"Eeyore" <rabbitsfriendsandrelations@hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:49208A13.E8DE1986@hotmail.com...


George's Pro Sound Company wrote:

"William Sommerwerck" <grizzledgeezer@comcast.net> wrote

What gets you up so early on a Sunday? (I'm on the west coast,
and have been up since 2AM.)

went out had a couple of dogfish 90 minutes and that set me down
early(8pm) some days your just not tired at 4 am

As in...

http://www.dogfish.com/brewings/Seasonal_Beers/Punkin_Ale/3/index.htm

Same brewery but this IPA

http://www.dogfish.com/brewings/Year_Round_Beers/90_Minute_IPA/11/index.htm

Are you familiar with the origin of the name 'IPA' ?


Curious- India Pale? No I'd be interested in where the term came from...I
knew the gin and tonic came from having to drink quinine against malaria.

extra hops were added to the beer going from Great Britain to India as a
preservative
hence India Pale Ale, the pale ale bound for India

so a IPA is a hoppier Pale ale
and a double IPA is Hoppier, Imperial Pales are also sometimes called double
IPA's
George

 

[Dave Plowman (News)]

In article <gfpmfg$6u0$1@aioe.org>,
liquidator <mikeh@mad.scientist.com> wrote:

It is not DC as people who skimmed one book and didn't understand it
want to insist.

Drive an amp hard enough and that's what you effectively get, as far as
the speaker is concerned. Try taking your head out of your arse and use
that scope.

--
*Time is the best teacher; unfortunately it kills all its students.

Dave Plowman dave@davenoise.co.uk London SW
To e-mail, change noise into sound.

 

[liquidator]

"Dave Plowman (News)" <dave@davenoise.co.uk> wrote in message
news:4fff41dfcddave@davenoise.co.uk...

In article <gfpmfg$6u0$1@aioe.org>,
liquidator <mikeh@mad.scientist.com> wrote:
It is not DC as people who skimmed one book and didn't understand it
want to insist.

Drive an amp hard enough and that's what you effectively get, as far as
the speaker is concerned. Try taking your head out of your arse and use
that scope.

Ignorance is bliss and you are happy the way you are.

Simply, you are just plain wrong. You seem to be interested in making
yourself look worse and worse, go on about it with somebody else please.

You've sufficiently proven it to me.

Clipping isn't DC, obvious you never studied engineering. Or physics. Or
much else, it looks like.

Bye. No more time for you. Got real things to do.

 

[Eeyore]

Jamie wrote:

Eeyore wrote:
liquidator wrote:
"Jamie" wrote in message

Btw, distortion due to amplifier saturation,

What is this "amplifier saturation" you talk of ? Please use accepted
terminology.

even though the amp is
far belong the rating of the speaker can and does over heat the speaker
coil and thus, can terminate the life of a speaker even rated higher
than said amp.

Ahnothetr person with minimal knowledge.

This is my experience of Jamie too. He reckons he's some hot shot but constantly
uses the wrong words to describe things for example. His knowledge is also very
dated.

Graham, you play with toys.. you work with toys.. and as usual,
all you have left is finger pointing because you've lost what ever
you had. That is, if you had anything of value to start with other
than what you find off the backs of others.

Your knowledge of electronics is most likely gained from destroying
an untold amount of components and still to this day, you have to
scratch that bold head of yours and wonder what you did with that last
puff of smoke you allowed to escape.

You boast that your an elite in audio design, from what I've seen you
point out. A mear amateur, expert you are not!.

Answer the bloody question IDIOT !

What is a "saturated amplifier" ? You can't even use the right words.

Graham

 

[Eeyore]

Jamie wrote:

Graham, the hole your digging is getting bigger.

IGNORANT PRICK