the storm pumped almost 1200 gigawatts of energy into Earth\'s atmosphere,\" explains lead author Tong Dang of the University of Science and...

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\"Although it was only \'minor,\' the storm pumped almost 1200 gigawatts of energy into Earth\'s atmosphere,\" explains lead author Tong Dang of the University of Science and Technology of China. \"This extra energy heated Earth\'s upper atmosphere and sharply increased aerodynamic drag on the satellites.\"


SpaceX launched the satellites from Cape Canaveral on Feb. 3, 2022. Forty-nine (49) Starlinks were crowded inside the Falcon 9 rocket; less than a quarter would survive.


Above: The Starlink launch was sandwiched between two minor geomagnetic storms (right) possibly caused by an Earth-directed CME that left the sun on Jan. 30th (left)

As was SpaceX\'s practice at the time, the satellites were deployed at an altitude of 210 km--their first stop en route to an operational altitude near 600 km. In the satellite business, 210 km is considered to be low, barely above the atmosphere. SpaceX starts there in case any satellite malfunctions after launch. From 210 km, a \"bad sat\" can be easily de-orbited.

A little too easily, as it turns out.

Using a physics-based computer model named \"TIEGCM,\" Dang and colleagues simulated conditions during the storm. As geomagnetic energy heated Earth\'s atmosphere, the air density at 210 km increased globally by 20% with \"hot spots\" as high as 60%. This movie shows what happened:

Starlink dodged the worst spots. \"The satellites did not hit any of the 60% regions,\" says Dang. \"But that didn\'t save them.\" The weaker 20% enhancements were enough to bring down 38 out of 49 satellites.

To prevent a repeat, SpaceX has started launching to 320 km instead of 210 km. Earth\'s atmosphere has to reach that much higher to drag the satellites back during a geomagnetic storm. Since the change, more than 1200 additional Starlink satellites have been launched on 24 rockets without incident.

There\'s still danger, though. \"Air density at 320 km is an order of magnitude less (compared to 210 km), but it\'s not completely safe,\" cautions Dang\'s co-author Jiuhou Lei, also from the University of Science and Technology of China. \"During an extreme geomagnetic storm, density could increase from 200% to 800% even at these higher altitudes.\"

Extreme storms may be in the offing. Young Solar Cycle 25 is just getting started. The profusion of minor storms we are observing today will intensify in the years ahead especially as we approach Solar Max around 2025.

Elon Musk\'s note to self: Check the space weather forecast.


https://spaceweather.com/
 
On Friday, September 16, 2022 at 4:37:44 PM UTC-4, a a wrote:
\"Although it was only \'minor,\' the storm pumped almost 1200 gigawatts of energy into Earth\'s atmosphere,\" explains lead author Tong Dang of the University of Science and Technology of China. \"This extra energy heated Earth\'s upper atmosphere and sharply increased aerodynamic drag on the satellites..\"


SpaceX launched the satellites from Cape Canaveral on Feb. 3, 2022. Forty-nine (49) Starlinks were crowded inside the Falcon 9 rocket; less than a quarter would survive.


Above: The Starlink launch was sandwiched between two minor geomagnetic storms (right) possibly caused by an Earth-directed CME that left the sun on Jan. 30th (left)

As was SpaceX\'s practice at the time, the satellites were deployed at an altitude of 210 km--their first stop en route to an operational altitude near 600 km. In the satellite business, 210 km is considered to be low, barely above the atmosphere. SpaceX starts there in case any satellite malfunctions after launch. From 210 km, a \"bad sat\" can be easily de-orbited.

A little too easily, as it turns out.

Using a physics-based computer model named \"TIEGCM,\" Dang and colleagues simulated conditions during the storm. As geomagnetic energy heated Earth\'s atmosphere, the air density at 210 km increased globally by 20% with \"hot spots\" as high as 60%. This movie shows what happened:

Starlink dodged the worst spots. \"The satellites did not hit any of the 60% regions,\" says Dang. \"But that didn\'t save them.\" The weaker 20% enhancements were enough to bring down 38 out of 49 satellites.

To prevent a repeat, SpaceX has started launching to 320 km instead of 210 km. Earth\'s atmosphere has to reach that much higher to drag the satellites back during a geomagnetic storm. Since the change, more than 1200 additional Starlink satellites have been launched on 24 rockets without incident.

There\'s still danger, though. \"Air density at 320 km is an order of magnitude less (compared to 210 km), but it\'s not completely safe,\" cautions Dang\'s co-author Jiuhou Lei, also from the University of Science and Technology of China. \"During an extreme geomagnetic storm, density could increase from 200% to 800% even at these higher altitudes.\"

Extreme storms may be in the offing. Young Solar Cycle 25 is just getting started. The profusion of minor storms we are observing today will intensify in the years ahead especially as we approach Solar Max around 2025.

Elon Musk\'s note to self: Check the space weather forecast.


https://spaceweather.com/

Fake. Fake Chinese research, repeated by spammer...
 
On Saturday, 17 September 2022 at 04:30:50 UTC+2, Fred Bloggs wrote:
Fred Fake Bloggs’s profile photo
Fred Fake Bloggs
 
a a <manta103g@gmail.com> wrote in news:28b33ea4-9cd4-46c9-9b8a-
3e23a49b4c96n@googlegroups.com:

On Saturday, 17 September 2022 at 04:30:50 UTC+2, Fred Bloggs wrote:
Fred Fake Bloggs’s profile photo
Fred Fake Bloggs

You are truly pathetic. A real piece of shit. The kind of guy who
should be shot from a circus cannon into a Lye pit.

But for you, first, a Japanese torture expert would flay you, then
we\'ll dip you into a vat of hot off the still 199 proof rot gut
moonshine, then we\'ll roll you in a pile of finely ground salt, then
the circus cannon shot. We\'ll do a video of you landing in the pit,
then standing up to perform that writhe dance for that one last
stinging caustic breath you so deserve.
 
On Sunday, September 18, 2022 at 10:35:18 PM UTC+10, DecadentLinux...@decadence.org wrote:
a a <mant...@gmail.com> wrote in news:28b33ea4-9cd4-46c9-9b8a-
3e23a4...@googlegroups.com:
On Saturday, 17 September 2022 at 04:30:50 UTC+2, Fred Bloggs wrote:
Fred Fake Bloggs’s profile photo
Fred Fake Bloggs

You are truly pathetic. A real piece of shit. The kind of guy who
should be shot from a circus cannon into a Lye pit.

But for you, first, a Japanese torture expert would flay you, then
we\'ll dip you into a vat of hot off the still 199 proof rot gut
moonshine, then we\'ll roll you in a pile of finely ground salt, then
the circus cannon shot. We\'ll do a video of you landing in the pit,
then standing up to perform that writhe dance for that one last
stinging caustic breath you so deserve.

Decadent Linux User Numero Uno is getting kinder and more tolerant as he gets older and wiser, but a a doesn\'t deserve any kind of clemency.

--
Bill Sloman, Sydney
 

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