Resistor accuracy

P

Piotr Wyderski

Guest
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

Best regards, Piotr
 
On a sunny day (Tue, 18 Jun 2019 09:13:30 +0200) it happened Piotr Wyderski
<peter.pan@neverland.mil> wrote in <qea2to$c46$1@gioia.aioe.org>:

I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

Best regards, Piotr

The Russians have taken control of your meter?
Shield it in tinfoil and try again.
 
On 18/06/2019 08:13, Piotr Wyderski wrote:
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm
resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

    Best regards, Piotr

Just a variation of Murphy's Law, when you don't care random things
always fall out in your favour, and when you do care they
never fall out in your favour (unless you expected that!).

Just tested an HP6629A, last calibrated in 2003, error at 49.5V was
less than 6ppm - it was sold as a "Precision" version of that family
but how did they know to match my meter :)

MK

---
This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
https://www.avg.com
 
Michael Kellett <mk@mkesc.co.uk> wrote in
news:E8adnUBzMKx9BJXAnZ2dnUU78S3NnZ2d@giganews.com:

Just a variation of Murphy's Law, when you don't care random
things
always fall out in your favour, and when you do care they
never fall out in your favour (unless you expected that!).

Like having an ON day or an OFF day when shooting pool. I go from
making the shot and missing the scratch to making the scratch and
missing the shot. The difference between the two, especially when
doing multi-rail bank shots, is very slight and very chaotic. The
amount of spin left on a ball after hitting a rail changes the angle
it banks at. From the end rail, the side pocket 'window' is barely
more than a ball wide. So the difference between hitting below or
above the pocket or right on the money is very slight.

So small that I wonder how a man can hit tthat exact spot on the
ball using just the right english on it to make it spin just so that
when it hits that third rail, it squirrely-walks right into the
pocket. One minute fraction off and it misses.

So when I do it consistently, I wonder how I can possibly be that
accurate. I give all credit to Jesus or I (we) wouldn't even be
here. But the shot precision... That I refer to as "The Harlem
Globetrotter Effect". How could Meadowlark Lemon stand with his
back to the hoop, talking to Howard Cosell at half court and toss a
swish shot? ????????

You should see some of my pool shots. I shoot hard and once I am
on and start getting exuberant, the balls start hopping all over the
table. I shoot bank shots that come off the rail and jump to the
pocket in mid air. The "hard shot" thing... I always get told I
missed a shot because I shoot too hard. I always say nope. I
missed because I missed the exact spot I needed to make it AT THAT
SPEED. I shoot slow too, just when needed I shoot shots where the
balls barely move at all. Shooting hard is how one gets the shot
and brings the cue ball all the way around the table and back to
where you need it for the next shot. Shooting hard should be part
of any player's regimen. I also shoot when there are balls in the
way. I can do a curl shot that is not masse, but is what got the
otherwise hidden shot. I call it 'mild masse'. Matthew McConaughey
would like my shooting style a lot.

Oh, and I do this all without even touching the table. My bridge
hand is held in mid air on EVERY shot. I literally never touch the
table if I can help it.
 
On Tuesday, June 18, 2019 at 12:13:01 AM UTC-7, Piotr Wyderski wrote:
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms.

[and meter shows 4.002Mohm]

Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
> the lines silently switched to 0.01%?

More likely the resistors are laser-trimmed at room temperature, and the full
specified range of temperatures would expand that deviation to something near
the nominal tolerances.
 
whit3rd <whit3rd@gmail.com> wrote in
news:9b027b9b-91f4-4727-b7ba-7be61acd2548@googlegroups.com:

On Tuesday, June 18, 2019 at 12:13:01 AM UTC-7, Piotr Wyderski
wrote:
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm
resistors. Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should
result in 4.002MOhm end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms.

[and meter shows 4.002Mohm]

Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%?

More likely the resistors are laser-trimmed at room temperature,
and the full specified range of temperatures would expand that
deviation to something near the nominal tolerances.

One would think that they get trimmed at an elevated temperature and
with high potential electromotive pressure applied as well.
 
DecadentLinuxUserNumeroUno@decadence.org wrote...
whit3rd <whit3rd@gmail.com> wrote
Piotr Wyderski wrote:

I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm
resistors. Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should
result in 4.002MOhm end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms.

[and meter shows 4.002Mohm]

Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%?

More likely the resistors are laser-trimmed at room temperature,
and the full specified range of temperatures would expand that
deviation to something near the nominal tolerances.


One would think that they get trimmed at an elevated temperature
and with high potential electromotive pressure applied as well.

Zzzap!


--
Thanks,
- Win
 
On Tuesday, June 18, 2019 at 3:13:01 AM UTC-4, Piotr Wyderski wrote:
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

Best regards, Piotr

0.1% R's are great! I'm use to my DMM showing 1.000 or 0.999. You've got
four so in theory the error is down by 2 (sqrt 4). I don't have the
patience (or good enough kit) to measure the distribution of values in 0.1%
R's, but in 1% R's there is no Gaussian distribution. All the R's in one
pac/ reel seem to be near some value...like 9.96k for 10 k.. and then a few outliers.

George H.
 
On Tuesday, June 18, 2019 at 3:13:01 AM UTC-4, Piotr Wyderski wrote:
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

Even a blind pig finds an acorn once in a while.

--

Rick C.

- Get 1,000 miles of free Supercharging
- Tesla referral code - https://ts.la/richard11209
 
On Tue, 18 Jun 2019 09:13:30 +0200, Piotr Wyderski
<peter.pan@neverland.mil> wrote:

I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

Best regards, Piotr

They're only as inaccurate as your meter. . . .

RL
 
On Tue, 18 Jun 2019 09:13:30 +0200, Piotr Wyderski
<peter.pan@neverland.mil> wrote:

I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

Best regards, Piotr

You are pushing the accuracy of the meter.

But resistors are laser trimmed and are routinely 10x better than
their specs.

The problem with a HV divider will be the voltage coefficient of the
resistors. The higher the voltage, the lower the resistance. That can
be a few PPM per volt for an exceptionally good resistor, up to
hundreds of PPM/V. The series string helps.


--

John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc

lunatic fringe electronics
 
John Larkin wrote:

> You are pushing the accuracy of the meter.

The accuracy of the meter is specified as 1% at the 20M range,
so the result is unreliable, sure thing. But for some odd reason
the result matches the mathematically accurate value. Am I accidentally
close to a factory calibration point or what? That's weird.

The problem with a HV divider will be the voltage coefficient of the
resistors. The higher the voltage, the lower the resistance. That can
be a few PPM per volt for an exceptionally good resistor, up to
hundreds of PPM/V. The series string helps.

Hence 8. Good point, so the digital compensation would need to be more
complex. I didn't know about this property, thanks, John. But the
datasheet seems not to specify its value. It's a 25ppm 1206 part with
150V rating and my HV is 1kV most.

https://www.tme.eu/Document/99cc08689be081ffac1a9c1b376cbc90/VIKING-AR.pdf

Best regards, Piotr
 
On Tue, 18 Jun 2019 19:04:57 +0200, Piotr Wyderski
<peter.pan@neverland.mil> wrote:

John Larkin wrote:

You are pushing the accuracy of the meter.

The accuracy of the meter is specified as 1% at the 20M range,
so the result is unreliable, sure thing. But for some odd reason
the result matches the mathematically accurate value. Am I accidentally
close to a factory calibration point or what? That's weird.

The problem with a HV divider will be the voltage coefficient of the
resistors. The higher the voltage, the lower the resistance. That can
be a few PPM per volt for an exceptionally good resistor, up to
hundreds of PPM/V. The series string helps.

Hence 8. Good point, so the digital compensation would need to be more
complex. I didn't know about this property, thanks, John. But the
datasheet seems not to specify its value. It's a 25ppm 1206 part with
150V rating and my HV is 1kV most.

https://www.tme.eu/Document/99cc08689be081ffac1a9c1b376cbc90/VIKING-AR.pdf

Best regards, Piotr

Thin films are better than cermets; carbon comp is the worst for
voltage coefficient.

You might ask the manufacturer, and/or measure a few.

Trick: compare the output of the 8-resistor divider to a 2x16 array.

Or apply V (one stable power supply) and 2V (two supplies in series).

Or just use a very good DVM. The 2-supply trick can show if the DVM is
linear.


--

John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc
picosecond timing precision measurement

jlarkin att highlandtechnology dott com
http://www.highlandtechnology.com
 
On Tue, 18 Jun 2019 11:54:06 -0700, John Larkin
<jjlarkin@highland_snip_technology.com> wrote:

On Tue, 18 Jun 2019 19:04:57 +0200, Piotr Wyderski
peter.pan@neverland.mil> wrote:

John Larkin wrote:

You are pushing the accuracy of the meter.

The accuracy of the meter is specified as 1% at the 20M range,
so the result is unreliable, sure thing. But for some odd reason
the result matches the mathematically accurate value. Am I accidentally
close to a factory calibration point or what? That's weird.

The problem with a HV divider will be the voltage coefficient of the
resistors. The higher the voltage, the lower the resistance. That can
be a few PPM per volt for an exceptionally good resistor, up to
hundreds of PPM/V. The series string helps.

Hence 8. Good point, so the digital compensation would need to be more
complex. I didn't know about this property, thanks, John. But the
datasheet seems not to specify its value. It's a 25ppm 1206 part with
150V rating and my HV is 1kV most.

https://www.tme.eu/Document/99cc08689be081ffac1a9c1b376cbc90/VIKING-AR.pdf

Best regards, Piotr


Thin films are better than cermets; carbon comp is the worst for
voltage coefficient.

You might ask the manufacturer, and/or measure a few.

Trick: compare the output of the 8-resistor divider to a 2x16 array.

Or apply V (one stable power supply) and 2V (two supplies in series).

Or just use a very good DVM. The 2-supply trick can show if the DVM is
linear.

I've found that at high voltage (>5kV) surface contamination of the
resistor can give strange results. Much like what some here see with
Meg ohm surface mounts and no clean flux.
Clean Well and Bake at 85C to burn off organics (This is what Vishay
recomends)

Cheers
 
On 18/06/2019 4:53 pm, DecadentLinuxUserNumeroUno@decadence.org wrote:
Michael Kellett <mk@mkesc.co.uk> wrote in
news:E8adnUBzMKx9BJXAnZ2dnUU78S3NnZ2d@giganews.com:

Just a variation of Murphy's Law, when you don't care random
things
always fall out in your favour, and when you do care they
never fall out in your favour (unless you expected that!).


Like having an ON day or an OFF day when shooting pool. I go from
making the shot and missing the scratch to making the scratch and
missing the shot. The difference between the two, especially when
doing multi-rail bank shots, is very slight and very chaotic. The
amount of spin left on a ball after hitting a rail changes the angle
it banks at. From the end rail, the side pocket 'window' is barely
more than a ball wide. So the difference between hitting below or
above the pocket or right on the money is very slight.

So small that I wonder how a man can hit tthat exact spot on the
ball using just the right english on it to make it spin just so that
when it hits that third rail, it squirrely-walks right into the
pocket. One minute fraction off and it misses.

So when I do it consistently, I wonder how I can possibly be that
accurate. I give all credit to Jesus or I (we) wouldn't even be
here. But the shot precision... That I refer to as "The Harlem
Globetrotter Effect". How could Meadowlark Lemon stand with his
back to the hoop, talking to Howard Cosell at half court and toss a
swish shot? ????????

You should see some of my pool shots. I shoot hard and once I am
on and start getting exuberant, the balls start hopping all over the
table. I shoot bank shots that come off the rail and jump to the
pocket in mid air. The "hard shot" thing... I always get told I
missed a shot because I shoot too hard. I always say nope. I
missed because I missed the exact spot I needed to make it AT THAT
SPEED. I shoot slow too, just when needed I shoot shots where the
balls barely move at all. Shooting hard is how one gets the shot
and brings the cue ball all the way around the table and back to
where you need it for the next shot. Shooting hard should be part
of any player's regimen. I also shoot when there are balls in the
way. I can do a curl shot that is not masse, but is what got the
otherwise hidden shot. I call it 'mild masse'. Matthew McConaughey
would like my shooting style a lot.

Oh, and I do this all without even touching the table. My bridge
hand is held in mid air on EVERY shot. I literally never touch the
table if I can help it.

A legend in his own mind :)
 
On 18/06/2019 5:13 pm, Piotr Wyderski wrote:
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm
resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

    Best regards, Piotr

It might be cheaper to run one production line making 0.01% resistors,
rather than one make 0.1% and the other 0.01%. In that case, they'd mark
some at 0.1% and some at 0.01%, and sell the latter at a higher price.

We find this kind of thing everywhere in manufacturing.

Many years ago, I determined that all I needed to do to install
reversing lights on my car (it WAS many years ago), was fit the switch
to the gear box, connect it to the existing loom, and put bulbs into the
existing sockets. They had been omitted merely so that they could be
included as part of a more expensive version.

Sylvia.
 
On Wed, 19 Jun 2019 11:48:47 +1000, Sylvia Else <sylvia@email.invalid>
wrote:

On 18/06/2019 5:13 pm, Piotr Wyderski wrote:
I have two HV voltage dividers, each composed of 8x499kOhm+10kOhm
resistors.
Made of 0.1% resistors, because why not. That should result in 4.002MOhm
end to end, in the range 3998..4006Ohms. A bit better, if the
distributions are assumed to be Gaussian and added properly. But hey,
not *that*:

https://i.postimg.cc/02xycThn/20190618-071740.jpg

Since -- as they say -- there no accidents, just signs, what's
the sign here? Have the factories been seized by six-sigma aliens and
the lines silently switched to 0.01%? And they continue to sell "just"
0.1% because the market demands so? The meter is good, but not that
good, either.

Needless to say the other divider provides exactly the same, rock-stable
reading.

    Best regards, Piotr

It might be cheaper to run one production line making 0.01% resistors,
rather than one make 0.1% and the other 0.01%. In that case, they'd mark
some at 0.1% and some at 0.01%, and sell the latter at a higher price.

We find this kind of thing everywhere in manufacturing.

Many years ago, I determined that all I needed to do to install
reversing lights on my car (it WAS many years ago), was fit the switch
to the gear box, connect it to the existing loom, and put bulbs into the
existing sockets. They had been omitted merely so that they could be
included as part of a more expensive version.

Sylvia.

Oscilloscopes typically are available in a range of bandwidths, the
only difference being software. Buy the 200 MHz version, and later you
can pay a lot for the passsword to upgrade it to 400.

Sometimes you can bargain to get the 500 MHz scope for the price of
350. It doesn't cost them anything.

FFT used to be an extra cost option, but competition has made it free.


--

John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc

lunatic fringe electronics
 
Piotr Wyderski <peter.pan@neverland.mil> wrote in
news:qeb5jh$1dmr$1@gioia.aioe.org:

You are pushing the accuracy of the meter.

The accuracy of the meter is specified as 1% at the 20M range,
so the result is unreliable, sure thing. But for some odd reason
the result matches the mathematically accurate value. Am I
accidentally close to a factory calibration point or what? That's
weird.

One reads high value resistances by using a high accuracy VOLTAGE
meter. A nice 6.5 digit bench meter or such. Use two one for
current and get a high accuracy shunt and use Ohms law to find the
resistance.

Also, HV resistors are at a different value under HV 'pressure'.

At low voltages, one gets one reading, but once impressed upon at
high voltage... That is where they operate, and that value is
different "at voltage".

Ohmmeters are for basic value readings not particularly high
accuracy inasmuch as the reading you get on LV resistors will be
that reading in use. At least not for matching and culling
purposes.

With high Ohm value, high voltage resistors, as the voltage across
them increases, their resistance shifts a bit. Best determination
of true value comes from applying a known voltage and reading the
current and doing the math.
 
Martin Riddle <martin_ridd@verizon.net> wrote in
news:mbgiged5fkq1lmr8kalrimqottjf1i3man@4ax.com:

On Tue, 18 Jun 2019 11:54:06 -0700, John Larkin
jjlarkin@highland_snip_technology.com> wrote:

On Tue, 18 Jun 2019 19:04:57 +0200, Piotr Wyderski
peter.pan@neverland.mil> wrote:

John Larkin wrote:

You are pushing the accuracy of the meter.

The accuracy of the meter is specified as 1% at the 20M range,
so the result is unreliable, sure thing. But for some odd reason
the result matches the mathematically accurate value. Am I
accidentally close to a factory calibration point or what? That's
weird.

The problem with a HV divider will be the voltage coefficient
of the resistors. The higher the voltage, the lower the
resistance. That can be a few PPM per volt for an exceptionally
good resistor, up to hundreds of PPM/V. The series string
helps.

Hence 8. Good point, so the digital compensation would need to be
more complex. I didn't know about this property, thanks, John.
But the datasheet seems not to specify its value. It's a 25ppm
1206 part with 150V rating and my HV is 1kV most.


https://www.tme.eu/Document/99cc08689be081ffac1a9c1b376cbc90/VIKIN
G-AR.pdf

Best regards, Piotr


Thin films are better than cermets; carbon comp is the worst for
voltage coefficient.

You might ask the manufacturer, and/or measure a few.

Trick: compare the output of the 8-resistor divider to a 2x16
array.

Or apply V (one stable power supply) and 2V (two supplies in
series).

Or just use a very good DVM. The 2-supply trick can show if the
DVM is linear.

I've found that at high voltage (>5kV) surface contamination of
the resistor can give strange results. Much like what some here
see with Meg ohm surface mounts and no clean flux.
Clean Well and Bake at 85C to burn off organics (This is what
Vishay recomends)

Cheers

Absolutely. I would recomend a brominated solvent wash. We had a
55 gallon drum of it. It was called Ensolv, but there are better.

Boeing Aerospace uses: <https://www.envirotechint.com/industries-
served/aerospace/ensolv-5408/>

When we made HV supplies, the entire HV section had to be cleaned
before potting, because... even "coffee breath" can cause a potting
detachment, not to mention HV leakage path establishment.

That is exactly what happens in air as well. If ANY breath
condensation, etc., etc., etc. is on them, they operate differntly
than designed, because they are designed to operate properly only
when 100% clean.
 
Rheilly Phoull <rheilly@bigslong.com> wrote in news:-
sSdncjMQIF8F5TAnZ2dnUU7-SednZ2d@westnet.com.au:

A legend in his own mind :)

Been shooting pool since Woodstock. Covered my first table in
1971.
I probably covered more tables than most here have ever shot on.

Not a legend. Better than a legend.

My fuck around shooting is better than most folks' best attempts.

I am the guy they should put on at televised tournaments during
the commercials doing exibition shots. Not playing in the
tournament.

People say "How did you do that?" And I answer "Decades of
practice." "And a lot of confidence".

Remember "Jim" in Blazing Saddles? He holds his hand up flat, and
"The Sherif" (Bart) says "Steady as a rock." And then the
gunslinger Jim responds, "Yeah, but I shoot with this hand." As he
raises his left hand up shaking badly.

I also like how his voice goes up an octave when he takes a toke
on a joint.

But yeah... sorry but I shoot pretty fucking good.

I can also walk on water if I am being pulled by a boat/rope going
37 knots.
 

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