low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux tia s

R

ratullloch_delthis

Guest
Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux.
Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to record temperture measurements over time.
tia sal22
 
On Nov 29, 10:36 am, ratullloch_delthis <ratullloch_delt...@gmail.com>
wrote:
Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux.
Can someone recommend one.  I'm trying to record temperture measurements over time.
tia sal22
How about this...http://www.mccdaq.com/usb-data-acquisition/usb-2001-
tc.aspx
 
On Nov 29, 10:36 am, ratullloch_delthis <ratullloch_delt...@gmail.com>
wrote:
Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux.
Can someone recommend one.  I'm trying to record temperture measurements over time.
tia sal22
How about this...http://www.mccdaq.com/usb-data-acquisition/usb-2001-
tc.aspx
 
DA had written this in response to
http://www.electrondepot.com/electronics/low-cost-thermocouple-DAQ-that-works-with-ubuntu-linux-tia-s-103208-.htm
:

ratullloch_delthis wrote:

If it's low cost you're after, it would be hard to beat TEMPer USB (
http://www.amazon.com/TEMPer-USB-Thermometer-w-Alerts/dp/B002VA813U )
which Amazon sells for ~$13 but you can use eBay search skills to find one
for for $7 shipped (from Hong Kong tho - need to wait ~2 weeks to get it
here in US) you'd be limited to -40C to +120C range tho

As far as working with Ubuntu (or other Linux flavors for that matter), it
shows up as a HID (Human Interface Device) and there is a Perl library
(Device::USB::pCSensor::HidTEMPer) you can use to poll it.

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On Nov 29, 10:36 am, ratullloch_delthis <ratullloch_delt...@gmail.com>
wrote:
Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux.
Can someone recommend one.  I'm trying to record temperture measurements over time.
tia sal22
http://www.mccdaq.com/usb-data-acquisition/usb-2001-tc.aspx
 
On Nov 29, 10:36 am, ratullloch_delthis <ratullloch_delt...@gmail.com>
wrote:
Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux.
Can someone recommend one.  I'm trying to record temperture measurements over time.
tia sal22
How about this...
http://www.mccdaq.com/usb-data-acquisition/usb-2001-tc.aspx
 
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22
http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.
 
On 10-11-29 03:32 PM, Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Arduino, USB, minimum 6 analog inputs, Linux support, 37 dollars to
start, then 6 bucks max for additional microcontrollers.



mike
 
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 GMT, ratullloch_delthis
<ratullloch_delthis@gmail.com> wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux.
Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to record temperture measurements over time.
tia sal22
I can't help with the Linux part, but maybe you can use some
circuits I developed for my Windows-based Daqarta system.
There is a simple temperature to frequency converter at
<http://www.daqarta.com/dw_kkee.htm>. It uses an LM335
temperature sensor plus an LM331 V-F, powered from a 9V
battery.

Besides the schematic and design formulas, there is a link
there to a printable board layout if you want to roll your
own. There is also a link to an ExpressPCB board layout
that you can modify and/or submit to ExpressPCB to have them
make the boards. (I have no connection to ExpressPCB, but
their software seems to have an easy learning curve, and is
free for non-commercial use.)

Note that all this assumes you have Linux software that can
measure frequencies. (Daqarta does that in Windows, plus
provides calibration for direct temperature readout in C or
F, including negative readings.)

Best regards,


Bob Masta

DAQARTA v5.10
Data AcQuisition And Real-Time Analysis
www.daqarta.com
Scope, Spectrum, Spectrogram, Sound Level Meter
Frequency Counter, FREE Signal Generator
Pitch Track, Pitch-to-MIDI
DaqMusic - FREE MUSIC, Forever!
(Some assembly required)
Science (and fun!) with your sound card!
 
Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.
Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though:
due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely
vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See
Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal
ElectroOptical Innovations
55 Orchard Rd
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510
845-480-2058

email: hobbs (atsign) electrooptical (period) net
http://electrooptical.net
 
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 13:11:18 -0500, Phil Hobbs
<pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though:
due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely
vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See
Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf
"Thermocouples generate a voltage related to the temperature difference
between two junctions of dissimilar metal wires, and are a pain in the
neck. ... For less specialized applications, avoid thermocouples
like fleas."

Okay, now I'm going to *have* to buy that book!

--
Rich Webb Norfolk, VA
 
Op 30-11-2010 20:15, Rich Webb schreef:
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 13:11:18 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though:
due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely
vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See
Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

"Thermocouples generate a voltage related to the temperature difference
between two junctions of dissimilar metal wires, and are a pain in the
neck. ... For less specialized applications, avoid thermocouples
like fleas."

Okay, now I'm going to *have* to buy that book!
Thermocouples are very linear and can messure upto 2320 degrees celsius.

Nice table in the dutch wiki page.
<https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/nl/wiki/Thermokoppel>

--
pim.
 
On 11/29/2010 10:36 AM, ratullloch_delthis wrote:
Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that works with ubuntu linux.
Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to record temperture measurements over time.
tia sal22
Do you really have to use thermocouples? They are the hardest way to
measure temperature. I prever the Analog Devices AD590 series, I think
there is also a plastic-package version, the AD592. They are a
2-terminal sensor, where current is proportional to absolute
temperature. So, room temperature is 20 C or 293 K, so it conducts a
current of 29.3 uA.

Jon
 
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 14:15:28 -0500, Rich Webb wrote:

On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 13:11:18 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though: due
to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely vulnerable to
errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See Figure 20.3 on P.
803 at http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

"Thermocouples generate a voltage related to the temperature difference
between two junctions of dissimilar metal wires, and are a pain in the
neck. ... For less specialized applications, avoid thermocouples like
fleas."

Okay, now I'm going to *have* to buy that book!
Yes, that is a good one, and I can't argue with Phil's assessment of TC
accuracy, but "You can learn all you ever wanted to know about them from
the Omega Engineering catalogue." is true only if you have no interest in
how they actually work (as opposed to how to use them) or how to make a
really good low drift TC measurement system with accurate CJC and high
immunity to EMI, for instance.

There are many trade-offs in sensor selection, and thermocouples excel in
temperature range and durability as well as (sometimes) speed. A TC can
be smashed flat with a hammer and suffer no loss in accuracy until the
wires break, or welded to metal parts for excellent thermal contact with
the part being measured, for instance. Try that with a thermistor :).
 
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 13:11:18 -0500, Phil Hobbs
<pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though:
due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely
vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See
Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf
Not to mention that they involve a reference junction for
which you must know the temperature. Unless you have an ice
bath handy, this involves an independent non-thermocouple
sensor like a thermistor, diode, or IC. So just use that
instead! (Unless you need really high temperatures.)

One good thing about TCs is that they don't need typically
calibration... they are supposed to conform to a standard
for the TC type (J, K, R, S etc). You just measure the
output voltage, correct for the reference junction
temperature, and look up the temperature for that voltage.
Accuracy is typically +/-2 degrees C. But the voltages are
really small: 1 mv or less at room temperature (0.10 mV
for R or S types).

I'd say, save the thermocouples for the really hot stuff.
For "normal" temperatures (say, freezing to boiling water
ranges), you can get much better precision and accuracy, not
to mention convenience, from an IC.

Best regards,





Bob Masta

DAQARTA v5.10
Data AcQuisition And Real-Time Analysis
www.daqarta.com
Scope, Spectrum, Spectrogram, Sound Level Meter
Frequency Counter, FREE Signal Generator
Pitch Track, Pitch-to-MIDI
DaqMusic - FREE MUSIC, Forever!
(Some assembly required)
Science (and fun!) with your sound card!
 
tuinkabouter wrote:
Op 30-11-2010 20:15, Rich Webb schreef:
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 13:11:18 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though:
due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely
vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See
Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at
http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

"Thermocouples generate a voltage related to the temperature difference
between two junctions of dissimilar metal wires, and are a pain in the
neck. ... For less specialized applications, avoid thermocouples
like fleas."

Okay, now I'm going to *have* to buy that book!


Thermocouples are very linear and can messure upto 2320 degrees celsius.

Nice table in the dutch wiki page.
https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/nl/wiki/Thermokoppel
"Nice and linear" is in the eye of the beholder. They're a lot better
than thermistors, that's for sure.

And up in the orange-hot region you probably don't care if you're off by
a couple of degrees, but down near room temperature you usually do.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal
ElectroOptical Innovations
55 Orchard Rd
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510
845-480-2058

email: hobbs (atsign) electrooptical (period) net
http://electrooptical.net
 
Glen Walpert wrote:
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 14:15:28 -0500, Rich Webb wrote:

On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 13:11:18 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though: due
to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely vulnerable to
errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See Figure 20.3 on P.
803 at http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

"Thermocouples generate a voltage related to the temperature difference
between two junctions of dissimilar metal wires, and are a pain in the
neck. ... For less specialized applications, avoid thermocouples like
fleas."

Okay, now I'm going to *have* to buy that book!

Yes, that is a good one, and I can't argue with Phil's assessment of TC
accuracy, but "You can learn all you ever wanted to know about them from
the Omega Engineering catalogue." is true only if you have no interest in
how they actually work (as opposed to how to use them) or how to make a
really good low drift TC measurement system with accurate CJC and high
immunity to EMI, for instance.

There are many trade-offs in sensor selection, and thermocouples excel in
temperature range and durability as well as (sometimes) speed. A TC can
be smashed flat with a hammer and suffer no loss in accuracy until the
wires break, or welded to metal parts for excellent thermal contact with
the part being measured, for instance. Try that with a thermistor :).
You can solder RTDs down, which is about the same thing. And the
circuit details aren't really information about the _sensor_--any
sufficiently poor sensor will have those problems.

I've used thermocouples reasonably often, generally running inside an
evaporator or someplace like that, and attached to a Fluke thermocouple
thermometer with built-in cold junction compensation. That was probably
good to a couple of degrees, which was all I really needed, especially
since I didn't have to replace the TCs, so the measurements correlated
pretty well over time.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal
ElectroOptical Innovations
55 Orchard Rd
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510
845-480-2058

email: hobbs (atsign) electrooptical (period) net
http://electrooptical.net
 
Bob Masta wrote:
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 13:11:18 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Mon, 29 Nov 2010 16:36:56 +0000, ratullloch_delthis wrote:

Greetings All

I'm looking for a recommendation for a low cost thermocouple DAQ that
works with ubuntu linux. Can someone recommend one. I'm trying to
record temperture measurements over time. tia sal22

http://www.mccdaq.com/daq-software/Linux-Support.aspx

Single channel thermocouple to USB with linux support $99, multiple
channels more $.

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost as
bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost, and
(potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's really
hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a big
problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one, though:
due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are extremely
vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the circuitry. See
Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

Not to mention that they involve a reference junction for
which you must know the temperature. Unless you have an ice
bath handy, this involves an independent non-thermocouple
sensor like a thermistor, diode, or IC. So just use that
instead! (Unless you need really high temperatures.)

One good thing about TCs is that they don't need typically
calibration... they are supposed to conform to a standard
for the TC type (J, K, R, S etc). You just measure the
output voltage, correct for the reference junction
temperature, and look up the temperature for that voltage.
Accuracy is typically +/-2 degrees C. But the voltages are
really small: 1 mv or less at room temperature (0.10 mV
for R or S types).

I'd say, save the thermocouples for the really hot stuff.
For "normal" temperatures (say, freezing to boiling water
ranges), you can get much better precision and accuracy, not
to mention convenience, from an IC.
If all you need is a degree or two's accuracy near room temperature,
almost any method will work. IC temperature sensors are generally
fairly putrid--slow, inaccurate, and noisy.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal
ElectroOptical Innovations
55 Orchard Rd
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510
845-480-2058

email: hobbs (atsign) electrooptical (period) net
http://electrooptical.net
 
On Wed, 01 Dec 2010 20:21:21 -0500, Phil Hobbs wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 14:15:28 -0500, Rich Webb wrote:

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost
as bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost,
and (potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's
really hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a
big problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one,
though: due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are
extremely vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the
circuitry. See Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at
http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

"Thermocouples generate a voltage related to the temperature
difference between two junctions of dissimilar metal wires, and are a
pain in the neck. ... For less specialized applications, avoid
thermocouples like fleas."

Okay, now I'm going to *have* to buy that book!

Yes, that is a good one, and I can't argue with Phil's assessment of TC
accuracy, but "You can learn all you ever wanted to know about them
from the Omega Engineering catalogue." is true only if you have no
interest in how they actually work (as opposed to how to use them) or
how to make a really good low drift TC measurement system with accurate
CJC and high immunity to EMI, for instance.

There are many trade-offs in sensor selection, and thermocouples excel
in temperature range and durability as well as (sometimes) speed. A TC
can be smashed flat with a hammer and suffer no loss in accuracy until
the wires break, or welded to metal parts for excellent thermal contact
with the part being measured, for instance. Try that with a thermistor
:).


You can solder RTDs down, which is about the same thing. And the
circuit details aren't really information about the _sensor_--any
sufficiently poor sensor will have those problems.

I've used thermocouples reasonably often, generally running inside an
evaporator or someplace like that, and attached to a Fluke thermocouple
thermometer with built-in cold junction compensation. That was probably
good to a couple of degrees, which was all I really needed, especially
since I didn't have to replace the TCs, so the measurements correlated
pretty well over time.
From the perspective of your book - temperature stabilization of electro-
optical components - I agree completely that thermocouples should
generally be avoided like fleas. From my perspective, with a background
in power plant control, thermocouples and RTD's are the rule and
thermistors the rare exception.

What really irks me about Omega is that their "Thermocouple Introduction
and Theory" section is actually a "thermocouple introduction and
completely bogus theory". Correct theory can be found at:
<http://www.electronics-cooling.com/Resources/EC_Articles/JAN97/
jan97_01.htm>

And better yet is another article which I can no longer find on the web,
which I will post on ABSE with thread title "thermocouple theory article"
in case anyone is interested.

Glen
 
Glen Walpert wrote:
On Wed, 01 Dec 2010 20:21:21 -0500, Phil Hobbs wrote:

Glen Walpert wrote:
On Tue, 30 Nov 2010 14:15:28 -0500, Rich Webb wrote:

Thermocouples are really really horrible temperature sensors--almost
as bad as ICs. Their advantages are small size, relatively low cost,
and (potentially) high speed, but their disadvantage is that it's
really hard to get good measurements.

One reason for this is thermal conduction down the leads (which is a
big problem for most temperature sensors). There's a worse one,
though: due to their very low sensitivity, thermocouples are
extremely vulnerable to errors caused by offset drift in the
circuitry. See Figure 20.3 on P. 803 at
http://electrooptical.net/www/book/draftthermal.pdf

"Thermocouples generate a voltage related to the temperature
difference between two junctions of dissimilar metal wires, and are a
pain in the neck. ... For less specialized applications, avoid
thermocouples like fleas."

Okay, now I'm going to *have* to buy that book!

Yes, that is a good one, and I can't argue with Phil's assessment of TC
accuracy, but "You can learn all you ever wanted to know about them
from the Omega Engineering catalogue." is true only if you have no
interest in how they actually work (as opposed to how to use them) or
how to make a really good low drift TC measurement system with accurate
CJC and high immunity to EMI, for instance.

There are many trade-offs in sensor selection, and thermocouples excel
in temperature range and durability as well as (sometimes) speed. A TC
can be smashed flat with a hammer and suffer no loss in accuracy until
the wires break, or welded to metal parts for excellent thermal contact
with the part being measured, for instance. Try that with a thermistor
:).


You can solder RTDs down, which is about the same thing. And the
circuit details aren't really information about the _sensor_--any
sufficiently poor sensor will have those problems.

I've used thermocouples reasonably often, generally running inside an
evaporator or someplace like that, and attached to a Fluke thermocouple
thermometer with built-in cold junction compensation. That was probably
good to a couple of degrees, which was all I really needed, especially
since I didn't have to replace the TCs, so the measurements correlated
pretty well over time.

From the perspective of your book - temperature stabilization of electro-
optical components - I agree completely that thermocouples should
generally be avoided like fleas. From my perspective, with a background
in power plant control, thermocouples and RTD's are the rule and
thermistors the rare exception.

What really irks me about Omega is that their "Thermocouple Introduction
and Theory" section is actually a "thermocouple introduction and
completely bogus theory". Correct theory can be found at:
http://www.electronics-cooling.com/Resources/EC_Articles/JAN97/
jan97_01.htm

And better yet is another article which I can no longer find on the web,
which I will post on ABSE with thread title "thermocouple theory article"
in case anyone is interested.

Glen
I'm not too impressed with the Electronics Cooling article. The
thermoelectric effect is treated as magic--the two integrals at the
beginning of the article just integrate the magic along the length of
the wire without explaining anything. There's some useful applications
advice, but there's some pure nonsense, e.g. saying that 20 wire
diameters' worth of lead length is enough to get a good measurement of
gas temperature. The ratio of the wire's thermal conductance (in W/K)
to its surface area goes as diameter/(length**2), so for a given
accuracy, the required lead length goes as the square root of the wire
diameter.

I agree that Omega isn't the best place to look for the actual physics
of thermocouples, but they do have nice pictures. Anyway, that physics
is more or less bottomless...you can stick with classical thermodynamics
and use the grand canonical ensemble, but then you get into actual solid
state physics and have to worry about things like the density of states
differences in different crystal orientations, and then you get into the
real quantum mechanics of disordered systems stuff. As I said,
bottomless, and although I talk a good game, my actual solid state
physics expertise goes about ankle deep. (I did take graduate solid
state from Walt Harrison, who is the biggest wildman in all of
theoretical sold state physics, but didn't pay enough attention. Same
with graduate statistical mechanics.)

I'm not the worst offender, though. A lot of the explanations you hear
about physics have as much merit as the Friday afternoon stock market
guy 'explaining' what happened on Wall Street that week. The idea that
an electret mic is a variety of capacitance mic is one example, and
almost anything mentioning 'surface states' and 'traps' is another.
It's not that traps and surface states don't exist, but they're very
commonly used as a cloak for ignorance--understandably, since real solid
state measurements are hard, and tend to involve ultrahigh vacuum.

All of that said, for instrument purposes delving into the fine details
of thermocouples is putting lipstick on a pig. ;)

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal
ElectroOptical Innovations
55 Orchard Rd
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510
845-480-2058

email: hobbs (atsign) electrooptical (period) net
http://electrooptical.net
 

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