How is one volt defined?

[Mr. Man-wai Chang]

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

--
@~@ Remain silent! Drink, Blink, Stretch! Live long and prosper!!
/ v \ Simplicity is Beauty!
/( _ )\ May the Force and farces be with you!
^ ^ (x86_64 Ubuntu 9.10) Linux 2.6.39.3
不借貸! 不詐騙! 不援交! 不打交! 不打劫! 不自殺! 請考慮綜援 (CSSA):
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[M Philbrook]

In article <o48djq$6r9$1@dont-email.me>, toylet.toylet@gmail.com says...

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

Last time I looked into this, the volt was made at a manufacturing
plant and somwhere along the line the batteries were put in, which
generates the coulombs, that moves the wheels..

I can't tell you the average speed at 1Volt, 1 Amp per second, thats a
little over me head.

Jamie

 

[Mr. Man-wai Chang]

On 31/12/2016 10:15 PM, M Philbrook wrote:

Last time I looked into this, the volt was made at a manufacturing
plant and somwhere along the line the batteries were put in, which
generates the coulombs, that moves the wheels..

I can't tell you the average speed at 1Volt, 1 Amp per second, thats a
little over me head.

I supposed power plants worldwide have their standard meters, right? Do
they calibrate electricity meters vigorously to avoid mistakes and mishaps?

--
@~@ Remain silent! Drink, Blink, Stretch! Live long and prosper!!
/ v \ Simplicity is Beauty!
/( _ )\ May the Force and farces be with you!
^ ^ (x86_64 Ubuntu 9.10) Linux 2.6.39.3
不借貸! 不詐騙! 不援交! 不打交! 不打劫! 不自殺! 請考慮綜援 (CSSA):
http://www.swd.gov.hk/tc/index/site_pubsvc/page_socsecu/sub_addressesa

 

[amdx]

On 12/31/2016 8:00 AM, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

Above my pay rate.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt

Josephson junction definition
Main article: Josephson voltage standard

The "conventional" volt, V90, defined in 1988 by the 18th General Conference on Weights and Measures and in use from 1990,

is implemented using the Josephson effect for exact frequency-to-voltage
conversion, combined with the caesium frequency standard.

For the Josephson constant, KJ = 2e/h (where e is the elementary charge
and h is the Planck constant), the "conventional" value KJ-90 is used:

K J-90 = 0.4835979 GHz Îź V .

This standard is typically realized using a series-connected array of several thousand or tens of thousands of junctions,

excited by microwave signals between 10 and 80 GHz (depending on the
array design).[3] Empirically, several experiments have

shown that the method is independent of device design, material,
measurement setup, etc., and no correction terms are required in a
practical implementation.[4]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephson_voltage_standard

> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_electrical_unit

Mikek
P.S.
Here is a calibration unit, if your interested.
See links across top of page.

http://www.voltagestandard.com/Home_Page.php

---
This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.
https://www.avast.com/antivirus

 

[Michael Moroney]

Tim Wescott <tim@seemywebsite.com> writes:

On Sat, 31 Dec 2016 22:00:54 +0800, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

Reams and reams and reams of information available from a simple Google
search, and you have to ask here?

Start "National standards bodies" and go from there.

Specifically, a volt is defined as the EMF that releases one joule of
energy if one coulomb of charge is allowed to move through it.

A coulomb is the amount of charge transferred when a current of one ampere
flows for one second.

The ampere's official definition is complicated, it is the amount of
current that when flowing through infinitely long parallel wires 1 meter
apart produces a certain force between them.

 

[Tim Wescott]

On Sat, 31 Dec 2016 22:00:54 +0800, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

Reams and reams and reams of information available from a simple Google
search, and you have to ask here?

Start "National standards bodies" and go from there.

--
Tim Wescott
Control systems, embedded software and circuit design
I'm looking for work! See my website if you're interested
http://www.wescottdesign.com

 

[Mr. Man-wai Chang]

On 2/1/2017 8:00 AM, Tim Wescott wrote:

Reams and reams and reams of information available from a simple Google
search, and you have to ask here?

Start "National standards bodies" and go from there.

"metric"?

Well, was expecting a short answer. I did do my homework and it seemed
that the answer is not trivial...

--
@~@ Remain silent! Drink, Blink, Stretch! Live long and prosper!!
/ v \ Simplicity is Beauty!
/( _ )\ May the Force and farces be with you!
^ ^ (x86_64 Ubuntu 9.10) Linux 2.6.39.3
不借貸! 不詐騙! 不援交! 不打交! 不打劫! 不自殺! 請考慮綜援 (CSSA):
http://www.swd.gov.hk/tc/index/site_pubsvc/page_socsecu/sub_addressesa

 

[Phil Hobbs]

On 01/06/2017 01:19 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:

On 31/12/2016 4:00 ΟΟ, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

It's mostly an eastern/western hemisphere thing, apart from Japan (100V)
and Taiwan (120V). See
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country>.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal Consultant
ElectroOptical Innovations LLC
Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics

160 North State Road #203
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510

hobbs at electrooptical dot net
http://electrooptical.net

 

[Tzortzakakis Dimitrios]

On 31/12/2016 4:00 ΟΟ, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

 

[Helmut Wabnig]

On Fri, 6 Jan 2017 03:53:30 -0500, Phil Hobbs
<pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

On 01/06/2017 01:19 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:
On 31/12/2016 4:00 ??, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

It's mostly an eastern/western hemisphere thing, apart from Japan (100V)
and Taiwan (120V). See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country>.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

Yes, and the USA have the lowest electrical safety standards
of the world, equal to Pakistan and back street Bangla Desh.

No RCDs in the American homes.
You have to wait until the 600A main fuse blows.

How many get killed every year in USA by electricity?


w.

 

[John Larkin]

On Sat, 07 Jan 2017 09:54:52 +0100, Helmut Wabnig <hwabnig@.- ---
-.dotat> wrote:

On Fri, 6 Jan 2017 03:53:30 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

On 01/06/2017 01:19 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:
On 31/12/2016 4:00 ??, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

It's mostly an eastern/western hemisphere thing, apart from Japan (100V)
and Taiwan (120V). See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country>.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

Yes, and the USA have the lowest electrical safety standards
of the world, equal to Pakistan and back street Bangla Desh.

No RCDs in the American homes.

We call them GFDs. My house has them in all outlets near plumbing
fixtures or other likely-grounded locations.


>You have to wait until the 600A main fuse blows.

Fuse? We use circuit breakers. My house is wired 120-0-120 volts, with
a dual 125 amp main breaker. Most outlets are 120, and a few, for big
loads, are 240. We don't have a/c, which is the big load in most of
the US. Our heat and clothes dryer and cooking are gas.

Getting hit by 120 volts is not nearly so dramatic as contacting 240.
I do most wiring hot.

How many get killed every year in USA by electricity?

A little browsing suggests that there are about 51K electrical fires
in the USA per year, with about 500 deaths.

The corresponding numbers in GB look like 37K and 250.

The population ratio is about 5:1.

It's mostly older buildings that have electrical fires. There is some
horrendous ancient knob-and-tubing stuff in the attics of old
Victorians around here.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knob-and-tube_wiring


--

John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc

lunatic fringe electronics

 

[Tzortzakakis Dimitrios]

On 7/1/2017 9:53 ΟΟ, John Larkin wrote:

On Sat, 07 Jan 2017 09:54:52 +0100, Helmut Wabnig <hwabnig@.- ---
-.dotat> wrote:

On Fri, 6 Jan 2017 03:53:30 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

On 01/06/2017 01:19 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:
On 31/12/2016 4:00 ??, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

It's mostly an eastern/western hemisphere thing, apart from Japan (100V)
and Taiwan (120V). See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country>.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

Yes, and the USA have the lowest electrical safety standards
of the world, equal to Pakistan and back street Bangla Desh.

No RCDs in the American homes.

We call them GFDs. My house has them in all outlets near plumbing
fixtures or other likely-grounded locations.


You have to wait until the 600A main fuse blows.

Fuse? We use circuit breakers. My house is wired 120-0-120 volts, with
a dual 125 amp main breaker. Most outlets are 120, and a few, for big
loads, are 240. We don't have a/c, which is the big load in most of
the US. Our heat and clothes dryer and cooking are gas.

Getting hit by 120 volts is not nearly so dramatic as contacting 240.
I do most wiring hot.


How many get killed every year in USA by electricity?

A little browsing suggests that there are about 51K electrical fires
in the USA per year, with about 500 deaths.

The corresponding numbers in GB look like 37K and 250.

The population ratio is about 5:1.

It's mostly older buildings that have electrical fires. There is some
horrendous ancient knob-and-tubing stuff in the attics of old
Victorians around here.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knob-and-tube_wiring

very intersting!there are some homes here, too, with marble (!)
distribution panels, that means a sheet of marble, with everything on it
(splices, knob type, switches, fuses,and so on). The owners of the homes
are stubborn against modernizing them, as it's a great expense.

 

[Phil Hobbs]

On 01/11/2017 12:33 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:

On 7/1/2017 9:53 ΟΟ, John Larkin wrote:
On Sat, 07 Jan 2017 09:54:52 +0100, Helmut Wabnig <hwabnig@.- ---
-.dotat> wrote:

On Fri, 6 Jan 2017 03:53:30 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

On 01/06/2017 01:19 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:
On 31/12/2016 4:00 ??, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in
meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they
have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

It's mostly an eastern/western hemisphere thing, apart from Japan
(100V)
and Taiwan (120V). See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country>.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

Yes, and the USA have the lowest electrical safety standards
of the world, equal to Pakistan and back street Bangla Desh.

No RCDs in the American homes.

We call them GFDs. My house has them in all outlets near plumbing
fixtures or other likely-grounded locations.


You have to wait until the 600A main fuse blows.

Fuse? We use circuit breakers. My house is wired 120-0-120 volts, with
a dual 125 amp main breaker. Most outlets are 120, and a few, for big
loads, are 240. We don't have a/c, which is the big load in most of
the US. Our heat and clothes dryer and cooking are gas.

Getting hit by 120 volts is not nearly so dramatic as contacting 240.
I do most wiring hot.


How many get killed every year in USA by electricity?

A little browsing suggests that there are about 51K electrical fires
in the USA per year, with about 500 deaths.

The corresponding numbers in GB look like 37K and 250.

The population ratio is about 5:1.

It's mostly older buildings that have electrical fires. There is some
horrendous ancient knob-and-tubing stuff in the attics of old
Victorians around here.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knob-and-tube_wiring


very intersting!there are some homes here, too, with marble (!)
distribution panels, that means a sheet of marble, with everything on it
(splices, knob type, switches, fuses,and so on). The owners of the homes
are stubborn against modernizing them, as it's a great expense.

Knob-and-tube is perfectly good as long as nobody futzes with it.
Problem is, old houses tend to collect "informal" electrical and
plumbing work.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal Consultant
ElectroOptical Innovations LLC
Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics

160 North State Road #203
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510

hobbs at electrooptical dot net
http://electrooptical.net

 

[Tzortzakakis Dimitrios]

On 11/1/2017 10:45 ΟΟ, Phil Hobbs wrote:

On 01/11/2017 12:33 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:
On 7/1/2017 9:53 ΟΟ, John Larkin wrote:
On Sat, 07 Jan 2017 09:54:52 +0100, Helmut Wabnig <hwabnig@.- ---
-.dotat> wrote:

On Fri, 6 Jan 2017 03:53:30 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

On 01/06/2017 01:19 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:
On 31/12/2016 4:00 ??, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in
meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they
have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

It's mostly an eastern/western hemisphere thing, apart from Japan
(100V)
and Taiwan (120V). See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country>.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

Yes, and the USA have the lowest electrical safety standards
of the world, equal to Pakistan and back street Bangla Desh.

No RCDs in the American homes.

We call them GFDs. My house has them in all outlets near plumbing
fixtures or other likely-grounded locations.


You have to wait until the 600A main fuse blows.

Fuse? We use circuit breakers. My house is wired 120-0-120 volts, with
a dual 125 amp main breaker. Most outlets are 120, and a few, for big
loads, are 240. We don't have a/c, which is the big load in most of
the US. Our heat and clothes dryer and cooking are gas.

Getting hit by 120 volts is not nearly so dramatic as contacting 240.
I do most wiring hot.


How many get killed every year in USA by electricity?

A little browsing suggests that there are about 51K electrical fires
in the USA per year, with about 500 deaths.

The corresponding numbers in GB look like 37K and 250.

The population ratio is about 5:1.

It's mostly older buildings that have electrical fires. There is some
horrendous ancient knob-and-tubing stuff in the attics of old
Victorians around here.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knob-and-tube_wiring


very intersting!there are some homes here, too, with marble (!)
distribution panels, that means a sheet of marble, with everything on it
(splices, knob type, switches, fuses,and so on). The owners of the homes
are stubborn against modernizing them, as it's a great expense.

Knob-and-tube is perfectly good as long as nobody futzes with it.
Problem is, old houses tend to collect "informal" electrical and
plumbing work.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

fascinating!of course you have different methods as most houses in USA
are built of timber. Here the old system was iron tubes (iron not
steel!) on the wall and small boxes, both junction and for plugs etc.
also of iron. sometimes I come upon paper insulated cables! there are
still many underground cables with paper insulation (both medium and low
voltage).

 

[Tzortzakakis Dimitrios]

On 7/1/2017 9:53 ΟΟ, John Larkin wrote:

On Sat, 07 Jan 2017 09:54:52 +0100, Helmut Wabnig <hwabnig@.- ---
-.dotat> wrote:

On Fri, 6 Jan 2017 03:53:30 -0500, Phil Hobbs
pcdhSpamMeSenseless@electrooptical.net> wrote:

On 01/06/2017 01:19 PM, Tzortzakakis Dimitrios wrote:
On 31/12/2016 4:00 ??, Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:

Just curious about it.

Does every country have its own devices to calibrate one volt in meters?

as one thousandth of a kV. Or a millionth of a MV.Yes, in USA they have
120 volt in houses compared to 230 V to the rest of the world.

It's mostly an eastern/western hemisphere thing, apart from Japan (100V)
and Taiwan (120V). See
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country>.

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

Yes, and the USA have the lowest electrical safety standards
of the world, equal to Pakistan and back street Bangla Desh.

No RCDs in the American homes.

We call them GFDs. My house has them in all outlets near plumbing
fixtures or other likely-grounded locations.


You have to wait until the 600A main fuse blows.

Fuse? We use circuit breakers. My house is wired 120-0-120 volts, with
a dual 125 amp main breaker. Most outlets are 120, and a few, for big
loads, are 240. We don't have a/c, which is the big load in most of
the US. Our heat and clothes dryer and cooking are gas.

Getting hit by 120 volts is not nearly so dramatic as contacting 240.
I do most wiring hot.


How many get killed every year in USA by electricity?

A little browsing suggests that there are about 51K electrical fires
in the USA per year, with about 500 deaths.

The corresponding numbers in GB look like 37K and 250.

The population ratio is about 5:1.

It's mostly older buildings that have electrical fires. There is some
horrendous ancient knob-and-tubing stuff in the attics of old
Victorians around here.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knob-and-tube_wiring

we also don't have A/C although in Greece we have separate units in each
room.We have a wood stove and 2 pellet stoves. The pellet stoves are
fully computerized and automatic. In our holiday home in Vori we have a
wood stove, a cassette fireplace and 3 A/C units. In my mother's holiday
house central heating with an oil furnace and another yet cassette
fireplace.Here most houses are single phase with a 35 A main fuse and 3
* 10 mm^2 feed (#10). Sometimes 3 phase 3 * 35 A. My sister's which is
very big has 3*50 A main fuses and all floors are wired 3 phase.GFCI
breaker on each floor.New code means that every residence *and*
corporate must have a 30mA GFCI breaker.