Design Notation VHDL or Verilog?

vsh <henry.val.scott@gmail.com> writes:

any comments on either VHDL or Verilog?
Yes, *both* languages have comments!

Traditionally, VHDL uses two dashes (--) to signify comments. The
newer-fangled VHDL-2008 syntax also allows the use of C-style multi-line
comments enclosed in /* */ pairs.

As in so many other ways, Verilog uses c style syntax - both /* */ and
// are valid.

Does that help?

Cheers,
Martin


--
martin.j.thompson@trw.com
TRW Conekt - Consultancy in Engineering, Knowledge and Technology
http://www.conekt.co.uk/capabilities/39-electronic-hardware
 
On Jan 29, 12:04 am, vsh <henry.val.sc...@gmail.com> wrote:
any comments on either VHDL or  Verilog?
Can't comment on VHDL other than to say it always strikes me as
difficult to decipher and untidy looking. I'd be interested to know
if there's anything useful that you can do in VHDL that you can't in
Verilog.

I'm a Verilog user and like the straight-forward syntax. Like
anything you can make a mess if you don't try hard enough not to.
 
any comments on either VHDL or Verilog?
A competent designer could use either to implement a digital logic system.


---------------------------------------
Posted through http://www.FPGARelated.com
 
On Jan 30, 5:32 am, davew <david.wo...@gmail.com> wrote:
On Jan 29, 12:04 am, vsh <henry.val.sc...@gmail.com> wrote:

any comments on either VHDL or  Verilog?

Can't comment on VHDL other than to say it always strikes me as
difficult to decipher and untidy looking.  I'd be interested to know
if there's anything useful that you can do in VHDL that you can't in
Verilog.

I'm a Verilog user and like the straight-forward syntax.  Like
anything you can make a mess if you don't try hard enough not to.
With the 2008 fixed point package, VHDL allows synthesizable fixed
point arithmetic of arbitrary precision and binary point location. The
arithmetic operators and types are defined to automatically handle
mixed precision/point arithmetic for you. To the best of my knowledge,
the Verilog language in its current form cannot support this
capability at all.

Similarly, VHDL also has a floating point package that handles
arbitrary sizes of data and exponent.

The fixed and floating point packages were demonstrated prior to 2008
with no changes to the language required (that's the power of VHDL
types and overloading), and the only 2008 features that the current
packages use are package generics, to allow user specification of
operator behaviors for rounding, saturation, guard bits, etc. This
highlights VHDL's inherent extensible capabilities that are completely
lacking in Verilog.

If all you use is std_logic, std_logic_vector, or arrays of same,
there is negligible advantage to using VHDL over verilog. It is at
higher levels of abstraction, where design productivity is maximized,
that VHDL shines.

Untidy is in the eye of the beholder.

Andy
 
Andy <jonesandy@comcast.net> wrote:
(snip)
any comments on either VHDL or  Verilog?
(snip)
With the 2008 fixed point package, VHDL allows synthesizable fixed
point arithmetic of arbitrary precision and binary point location. The
arithmetic operators and types are defined to automatically handle
mixed precision/point arithmetic for you. To the best of my knowledge,
the Verilog language in its current form cannot support this
capability at all.
An interesting idea, but note that, as far as I know, no computer
hardware has support for this, so it seems strange that an HDL
would need it.

Yes you can do fixed point with different positions of the radix
point, PL/I and a small number of other languages do, but on hardware
that doesn't keep track of the radix point.

For multiply, you do need to keep all the product digits, so that
you can select the right ones based on the position of the product
radix point.

Similarly, VHDL also has a floating point package that handles
arbitrary sizes of data and exponent.
And that is synthesizable by anyone?

The fixed and floating point packages were demonstrated prior to 2008
with no changes to the language required (that's the power of VHDL
types and overloading), and the only 2008 features that the current
packages use are package generics, to allow user specification of
operator behaviors for rounding, saturation, guard bits, etc. This
highlights VHDL's inherent extensible capabilities that are completely
lacking in Verilog.
I suppose higher level of abstraction is nice, but does it really
help design real systems?

If all you use is std_logic, std_logic_vector, or arrays of same,
there is negligible advantage to using VHDL over verilog.
And maybe a slight disadvantage. It is a lot wordier to say
the same thing, more places to get it wrong.

It is at higher levels of abstraction, where design
productivity is maximized, that VHDL shines.
Probaby depends on what kind of systems you design.

Is it easier to design something like a pentium with a language that
has support for floating point? For real floating point systems, it
is usual to actually design the logic in the HDL.

Untidy is in the eye of the beholder.
-- glen
 
On Jan 30, 1:42 pm, glen herrmannsfeldt <g...@ugcs.caltech.edu> wrote:
Andy <jonesa...@comcast.net> wrote:

(snip)

any comments on either VHDL or  Verilog?

(snip)

With the 2008 fixed point package, VHDL allows synthesizable fixed
point arithmetic of arbitrary precision and binary point location. The
arithmetic operators and types are defined to automatically handle
mixed precision/point arithmetic for you. To the best of my knowledge,
the Verilog language in its current form cannot support this
capability at all.

An interesting idea, but note that, as far as I know, no computer
hardware has support for this, so it seems strange that an HDL
would need it.
Whaaaatttt??? What does your computer capabilities have to do with
your ASIC/FPGA designs? Mixed precision/radix point arithmetic can be
very useful in an HDL design. If you are just passing data and
controlling timing then maybe not. But signal processing often has to
deal with the results of varying precision in operations.


Yes you can do fixed point with different positions of the radix
point, PL/I and a small number of other languages do, but on hardware
that doesn't keep track of the radix point.
You seem to be thinking only of CPU designs. HDL is used for a lot
more than CPU designs.


For multiply, you do need to keep all the product digits, so that
you can select the right ones based on the position of the product
radix point.
Actually you need to keep the bits that are important to your
application. That will vary.


Similarly, VHDL also has a floating point package that handles
arbitrary sizes of data and exponent.

And that is synthesizable by anyone?
I haven't looked at the floating point package, but if it is described
in terms of basic operators in VHDL it should be synthesizable in
every tool. That is the point of overloading. You can define a
multiply operator for real data in terms of the basic building blocks
and this is now a part of the language. VHDL is extensible that way.


The fixed and floating point packages were demonstrated prior to 2008
with no changes to the language required (that's the power of VHDL
types and overloading), and the only 2008 features that the current
packages use are package generics, to allow user specification of
operator behaviors for rounding, saturation, guard bits, etc. This
highlights VHDL's inherent extensible capabilities that are completely
lacking in Verilog.

I suppose higher level of abstraction is nice, but does it really
help design real systems?
Not if you refuse to consider it.


If all you use is std_logic, std_logic_vector, or arrays of same,
there is negligible advantage to using VHDL over verilog.

And maybe a slight disadvantage. It is a lot wordier to say
the same thing, more places to get it wrong.
Yes, VHDL is definitely wordier. But then I never use
std_logic_vector or std_logic. I use signed and unsigned which
provide so much more functionality... also provided by the
extensibility of VHDL I believe.


It is at higher levels of abstraction, where design
productivity is maximized, that VHDL shines.

Probaby depends on what kind of systems you design.

Is it easier to design something like a pentium with a language that
has support for floating point? For real floating point systems, it
is usual to actually design the logic in the HDL.
You seem to be very CPU focused. For every Pentium type design done
in HDL there are what, thousands of other designs?


Untidy is in the eye of the beholder.

-- glen
Rick
 
davew <david.wooff@gmail.com> wrote:

On Jan 29, 12:04=A0am, vsh <henry.val.sc...@gmail.com> wrote:
any comments on either VHDL or =A0Verilog?

Can't comment on VHDL other than to say it always strikes me as
difficult to decipher and untidy looking. I'd be interested to know
if there's anything useful that you can do in VHDL that you can't in
Verilog.

I'm a Verilog user and like the straight-forward syntax. Like
anything you can make a mess if you don't try hard enough not to.
IMHO Verilog is about describing hardware and VHDL is about describing
what it should do. VHDL has been good to me but it did take reading
some books and experimenting for me to unleash its real power. If you
overcome the stage where you describe hardware (thinking in 74' logic
chips) and start describing what a piece of logic should do you can do
a lot with just a few lines of VHDL by using functions, records, etc.

--
Failure does not prove something is impossible, failure simply
indicates you are not using the right tools...
nico@nctdevpuntnl (punt=.)
--------------------------------------------------------------
 
rickman <gnuarm@gmail.com> wrote:

(snip, someone wrote)
With the 2008 fixed point package, VHDL allows synthesizable fixed
point arithmetic of arbitrary precision and binary point location.
(snip, I wrote)
An interesting idea, but note that, as far as I know, no computer
hardware has support for this, so it seems strange that an HDL
would need it.

Whaaaatttt??? What does your computer capabilities have to do with
your ASIC/FPGA designs? Mixed precision/radix point arithmetic can be
very useful in an HDL design. If you are just passing data and
controlling timing then maybe not. But signal processing often has to
deal with the results of varying precision in operations.
If it is useful in ASIC/FPGA designs, wouldn't it also be even more
useful in software running on commonly (or not so commonly) available
processors? Yet none have bothered to implement it.

It could be done in software, but none of the popular languages
have any support for fixed point non-integer arithmetic.

It was one of the fun things I did in PL/I so many years ago, though.

Yes you can do fixed point with different positions of the radix
point, PL/I and a small number of other languages do, but on hardware
that doesn't keep track of the radix point.

You seem to be thinking only of CPU designs. HDL is used for a lot
more than CPU designs.
Well, more than CPU designs, I work on systolic arrays, but even
there so, it doesn't seem likely to help much. Will it generate
pipelined arithmetic units? Of all the things that I have to think
about in logic design, the position of the binary point is one of
the smallest.

For multiply, you do need to keep all the product digits, so that
you can select the right ones based on the position of the product
radix point.

Actually you need to keep the bits that are important to your
application. That will vary.
And I don't expect the processor to help me figure out which
ones those are.

Similarly, VHDL also has a floating point package that handles
arbitrary sizes of data and exponent.

And that is synthesizable by anyone?

I haven't looked at the floating point package, but if it is described
in terms of basic operators in VHDL it should be synthesizable in
every tool. That is the point of overloading. You can define a
multiply operator for real data in terms of the basic building blocks
and this is now a part of the language. VHDL is extensible that way.
Again, does it synthesize pipelined arithmetic units? If not, then
they aren't much use to anything I would work on. If I do it in
an FPGA that is because normal processors aren't fast enough.

But the big problem with floating point is that it takes too much logic.
The barrel shifter for pre/post normalization for an adder is huge.
(The actual addition, not so huge.)

(snip)
I suppose higher level of abstraction is nice, but does it really
help design real systems?

Not if you refuse to consider it.
(snip)
You seem to be very CPU focused. For every Pentium type design done
in HDL there are what, thousands of other designs?
Well, it was supposed to be an example....

-- glen
 
Glen,

The point of optimizing HW arithmetic to the task at hand is that
avoiding excess precision saves resources (= $).

In SW, running on a majority of platforms that support double
precision floating point (already paid for whether it is used or not)
there is no incentive to optimize, so few computer programming
languages support it. Many older programming languages, conceived
before HW floating point support was ubiquitous, supported fixed point
arithmetic because the SW could be optimized to provide only the
precision required, thus consuming only the CPU cycles required.

CPUs have to be optimized for the universe of applications that may be
run on them, so the flexibility of floating point is worth the cost,
especially because only one or two floating point ALUs are typically
required by a CPU core.

Most ASIC/FPGA designs are much more task specific, and do not need
the flexibility of floating point, especially when considering how
many arithmetic units (multiply/add) may be employed by a typical
design, and thus how many times one would have to pay for the
resources consumed by that unneeded flexibility.

Sure, you can design fixed point arithmetic HW in verilog, but you
have to keep track of the binary point yourself, with no help from the
compiler. These VHDL packages allow you to define the width and binary
point at critical stages, and the compiler takes care of the rest.

Most synthesis tools support retiming, which can be used to pipeline
arithmetic operators over a limited number of clock cycles by simply
inserting empty clock cycles in RTL before or after the operator, and
letting the retiming spread out the operator logic into those clock
cycles. With most modern FPGA families, multiplies and multiply/adds
are implemented using available DSP blocks anyway, so intra-operator
pipelining is not often needed uness you have a really wide data path.
And of course, just like verilog, you are in charge of pipelining
multiple operations by the way you describe the behavior (number of
clock cycles it takes to get from input to output). Note that I use
the term clock cycles as opposed to registers. It's an abstraction...

And yes, both the floating and fixed point packages are completely
synthesizable.

Andy
 
Andy <jonesandy@comcast.net> writes:

there is negligible advantage to using VHDL over verilog. It is at
higher levels of abstraction, where design productivity is maximized,
that VHDL shines.
It depends of the Verilog version in question and the type of design.
SystemVerilog has a much higher level of abstraction when it comes to
verification and testbench code. Especially when using libraries like
UVM etc.

//Petter

--
..sig removed by request.
 
On Jan 30, 6:16 pm, glen herrmannsfeldt <g...@ugcs.caltech.edu> wrote:
rickman <gnu...@gmail.com> wrote:

(snip, someone wrote)

With the 2008 fixed point package, VHDL allows synthesizable fixed
point arithmetic of arbitrary precision and binary point location.

(snip, I wrote)

An interesting idea, but note that, as far as I know, no computer
hardware has support for this, so it seems strange that an HDL
would need it.
Whaaaatttt???  What does your computer capabilities have to do with
your ASIC/FPGA designs?  Mixed precision/radix point arithmetic can be
very useful in an HDL design.  If you are just passing data and
controlling timing then maybe not.  But signal processing often has to
deal with the results of varying precision in operations.

If it is useful in ASIC/FPGA designs, wouldn't it also be even more
useful in software running on commonly (or not so commonly) available
processors? Yet none have bothered to implement it.

It could be done in software, but none of the popular languages
have any support for fixed point non-integer arithmetic.

It was one of the fun things I did in PL/I so many years ago, though.
I don't really follow your reasoning here. The idea of the fixed
point package is to allow a user to work with fixed point values in
VHDL without having to manually deal with all the details. You seem
to be saying that fixed point arithmetic is of no value because it is
not implemented in software. I don't see how software has anything to
do with it. Software is implemented on programmable hardware and for
the most part is designed for the most common platforms and does not
do a good job of utilizing unusual hardware effectively. I don't see
how fixed point arithmetic would be of any value on conventional
integer oriented hardware.


Yes you can do fixed point with different positions of the radix
point, PL/I and a small number of other languages do, but on hardware
that doesn't keep track of the radix point.
You seem to be thinking only of CPU designs.  HDL is used for a lot
more than CPU designs.

Well, more than CPU designs, I work on systolic arrays, but even
there so, it doesn't seem likely to help much. Will it generate
pipelined arithmetic units? Of all the things that I have to think
about in logic design, the position of the binary point is one of
the smallest.
Asking about pipelining with fixed point numbers is like asking if
boxes help your car. Sure, if you want to carry oranges in a car you
can use boxes, but you don't have to. If your systolic arrays use
fixed point arithmetic then the fixed point package will help your
systolic arrays. If you don't care about the precision of your
calculations then don't bother using the fixed point package.


For multiply, you do need to keep all the product digits, so that
you can select the right ones based on the position of the product
radix point.
Actually you need to keep the bits that are important to your
application.  That will vary.

And I don't expect the processor to help me figure out which
ones those are.
What processor? You have lost me here. A multiply provides a result
with as many bits as the sum of the bits in the inputs. But this many
bits are seldom needed. The fixed point package makes it a little
easier to work with the variety of formats that typically are used in
a case like this. No, the package does not figure out what you want
to do. You have to know that, but it does help hide some of the
details.


Similarly, VHDL also has a floating point package that handles
arbitrary sizes of data and exponent.

And that is synthesizable by anyone?
I haven't looked at the floating point package, but if it is described
in terms of basic operators in VHDL it should be synthesizable in
every tool.  That is the point of overloading.  You can define a
multiply operator for real data in terms of the basic building blocks
and this is now a part of the language.  VHDL is extensible that way.

Again, does it synthesize pipelined arithmetic units? If not, then
they aren't much use to anything I would work on. If I do it in
an FPGA that is because normal processors aren't fast enough.

But the big problem with floating point is that it takes too much logic.
The barrel shifter for pre/post normalization for an adder is huge.
(The actual addition, not so huge.)
Nope, the fixed point package does not design pipelines, it isn't a
pipeline package. Yup, the barrel shifter is as large as a
multiplier. So what is your point? The purpose of the package is to
allow you to design floating point arithmetic without designing all
the details of the logic. It isn't going to reduce the size of the
logic.


I suppose higher level of abstraction is nice, but does it really
help design real systems?
Not if you refuse to consider it.

(snip)

You seem to be very CPU focused.  For every Pentium type design done
in HDL there are what, thousands of other designs?

Well, it was supposed to be an example....

-- glen
An example of what? The fact that you can't find the utility of the
fixed point package does not mean it is not useful. I really don't
see your points.

Rick
 
On Jan 31, 2:00 pm, Petter Gustad <newsmailco...@gustad.com> wrote:
Andy <jonesa...@comcast.net> writes:
there is negligible advantage to using VHDL over verilog. It is at
higher levels of abstraction, where design productivity is maximized,
that VHDL shines.

It depends of the Verilog version in question and the type of design.
SystemVerilog has a much higher level of abstraction when it comes to
verification and testbench code. Especially when using libraries like
UVM etc.

//Petter

--
.sig removed by request.
AFAIK, the synthesizable subset of SV is pretty much plane old
verilog, with all its warts.

For verification, SV is indeed really nice. However, a new open source
VHDL Verification Methodology (VVM) library of VHDL packages has
emerged that provides VHDL with some of the capabilities of SV with
OVM/UVM.

Andy
 
rickman <gnuarm@gmail.com> wrote:

(snip, I wrote)
If it is useful in ASIC/FPGA designs, wouldn't it also be even more
useful in software running on commonly (or not so commonly) available
processors? Yet none have bothered to implement it.

It could be done in software, but none of the popular languages
have any support for fixed point non-integer arithmetic.

It was one of the fun things I did in PL/I so many years ago, though.

I don't really follow your reasoning here. The idea of the fixed
point package is to allow a user to work with fixed point values in
VHDL without having to manually deal with all the details. You seem
to be saying that fixed point arithmetic is of no value because it is
not implemented in software. I don't see how software has anything to
do with it.
The suggestion, which could be wrong, was that if scaled fixed point
is useful in an HDL, it should also be useful in non-HDL applications.

The designers of PL/I believed that it would be, but designers of
other languages don't seem to have believed in it enough to include.
Personally, I liked PL/I 40 years ago, and believe that it should
have done better than it did, and scaled fixed point was a feature
that I liked to use.

Software is implemented on programmable hardware and for
the most part is designed for the most common platforms and does not
do a good job of utilizing unusual hardware effectively. I don't see
how fixed point arithmetic would be of any value on conventional
integer oriented hardware.
Well, the designers of conventional hardware might argue that they
support scaled fixed point as long as you keep track of the radix
point yourself. It is, then, up to software to make it easier for
programmers by helping them keep track of the radix point.

I believe that in addition to PL/I that there are some other less
commonly used languages, maybe ADA, that support it.

It can be done in languages like Pascal and C, TeX and Metafont do it.
Multiplication is complicated, though, because most HLL's don't supply
the high half of the product in multiply, or allow a double length
dividend in division. Knuth wrote the Pascal routines for TeX and MF
to do it, and suggests that implementations rewrite them in assembler
for higher performance.

Yes you can do fixed point with different positions of the radix
point, PL/I and a small number of other languages do, but on hardware
that doesn't keep track of the radix point.
You seem to be thinking only of CPU designs.  HDL is used for a lot
more than CPU designs.

Well, more than CPU designs, I work on systolic arrays, but even
there so, it doesn't seem likely to help much. Will it generate
pipelined arithmetic units? Of all the things that I have to think
about in logic design, the position of the binary point is one of
the smallest.

Asking about pipelining with fixed point numbers is like asking if
boxes help your car. Sure, if you want to carry oranges in a car you
can use boxes, but you don't have to. If your systolic arrays use
fixed point arithmetic then the fixed point package will help your
systolic arrays. If you don't care about the precision of your
calculations then don't bother using the fixed point package.
In the past, the tools would not synthesize division with a
non-constant divisor. If you generate the division logic yourself,
you can add in any pipelining needed. (I did one once, and not for
a systolic array.) With the hardware block multipliers in many FPGAs,
it may not be necessary to generate pipelined multipliers, but many
will want pipelined divide.

(snip)
And I don't expect the processor to help me figure out which
ones those are.

What processor? You have lost me here. A multiply provides a result
with as many bits as the sum of the bits in the inputs. But this many
bits are seldom needed. The fixed point package makes it a little
easier to work with the variety of formats that typically are used in
a case like this. No, the package does not figure out what you want
to do. You have to know that, but it does help hide some of the
details.
Yes, multiply generates a wide product, and most processors with
a multiply instruction supply all the bits. But most HLLs don't
provide a way to get those bits. For scaled fixed point, you
shift as appropriate to get the needed product bits out.

Similarly, VHDL also has a floating point package that handles
arbitrary sizes of data and exponent.

And that is synthesizable by anyone?

I haven't looked at the floating point package, but if it is described
in terms of basic operators in VHDL it should be synthesizable in
every tool.  That is the point of overloading.  You can define a
multiply operator for real data in terms of the basic building blocks
and this is now a part of the language.  VHDL is extensible that way.

Again, does it synthesize pipelined arithmetic units? If not, then
they aren't much use to anything I would work on. If I do it in
an FPGA that is because normal processors aren't fast enough.

But the big problem with floating point is that it takes too much logic.
The barrel shifter for pre/post normalization for an adder is huge.
(The actual addition, not so huge.)

Nope, the fixed point package does not design pipelines, it isn't a
pipeline package. Yup, the barrel shifter is as large as a
multiplier. So what is your point? The purpose of the package is to
allow you to design floating point arithmetic without designing all
the details of the logic. It isn't going to reduce the size of the
logic.
The point I didn't make very well was that floating point is still
not very usable in FPGA designs, as it is still too big. If a
design can be pipelined, then it has a chance to be fast enough
to be useful.

Historically, FPGA based hardware to accelerate scientific
programming has not done very well in the marketplace. People
keep trying, though, and I would like to see someone succeed.

-- glen
 
In article <5a603ea6-876d-4f20-a35f-79dcfe6ebd1e@h3g2000yqe.googlegroups.com>,
Andy <jonesandy@comcast.net> wrote:
On Jan 31, 2:00 pm, Petter Gustad <newsmailco...@gustad.com> wrote:
Andy <jonesa...@comcast.net> writes:
there is negligible advantage to using VHDL over verilog. It is at
higher levels of abstraction, where design productivity is maximized,
that VHDL shines.

It depends of the Verilog version in question and the type of design.
SystemVerilog has a much higher level of abstraction when it comes to
verification and testbench code. Especially when using libraries like
UVM etc.

//Petter

--
.sig removed by request.

AFAIK, the synthesizable subset of SV is pretty much plane old
verilog, with all its warts.
Nope. SV synthesis is quite powerful. Arrays, and structs are first class
citizens in SV and can be members of ports. Further most tools handle
interfaces now pretty well in synthesis. There's quite a benefit to using
these in your RTL.

Trying to resist making this a language war, but I see little advantage
one or the other with regard to a "higher level of abstraction". You can
probably achieve the same with either language.

--Mark
 
On 1.2.2012 17:20, glen herrmannsfeldt wrote:

The suggestion, which could be wrong, was that if scaled fixed point
is useful in an HDL, it should also be useful in non-HDL applications.
It is very useful in some applications, for example in DSP processing.
There are DSP processors that support fixed point arithmetic. Also many
"fixed" FPGA based DSP algorithms use different resolution fixed point
numbers all around. Standard package to help that kind of design is
very welcome. Previously they have been proprietary packages.

The point I didn't make very well was that floating point is still
not very usable in FPGA designs, as it is still too big. If a
design can be pipelined, then it has a chance to be fast enough
to be useful.
Floating point might be too heavy in many applications, but on the
other hand if the number range and operators are limited to what is
needed it is not that big anymore, when comparing to the leading edge
FPGA sizes. For example leading edge FPGA can support ~2000 single
precision floating point multipliers.

Historically, FPGA based hardware to accelerate scientific
programming has not done very well in the marketplace. People
keep trying, though, and I would like to see someone succeed.
You are fixed to quite narrow band of FPGA applications. FPGAs
are almost everywhere, for example they are very popular in mobile
network basestations. And also telecom equipment use some forms of
floating/fixed point arithmetic often in policing and shaping
for example.

--Kim
 
On Feb 1, 10:20 am, glen herrmannsfeldt <g...@ugcs.caltech.edu> wrote:
rickman <gnu...@gmail.com> wrote:

(snip, I wrote)

If it is useful in ASIC/FPGA designs, wouldn't it also be even more
useful in software running on commonly (or not so commonly) available
processors? Yet none have bothered to implement it.
It could be done in software, but none of the popular languages
have any support for fixed point non-integer arithmetic.
It was one of the fun things I did in PL/I so many years ago, though.
I don't really follow your reasoning here.  The idea of the fixed
point package is to allow a user to work with fixed point values in
VHDL without having to manually deal with all the details.  You seem
to be saying that fixed point arithmetic is of no value because it is
not implemented in software.  I don't see how software has anything to
do with it.

The suggestion, which could be wrong, was that if scaled fixed point
is useful in an HDL, it should also be useful in non-HDL applications.

The designers of PL/I believed that it would be, but designers of
other languages don't seem to have believed in it enough to include.
Personally, I liked PL/I 40 years ago, and believe that it should
have done better than it did, and scaled fixed point was a feature
that I liked to use.
I have no idea what bearing a forty year old computer language has to
do with this issue.


Software is implemented on programmable hardware and for
the most part is designed for the most common platforms and does not
do a good job of utilizing unusual hardware effectively.  I don't see
how fixed point arithmetic would be of any value on conventional
integer oriented hardware.

Well, the designers of conventional hardware might argue that they
support scaled fixed point as long as you keep track of the radix
point yourself. It is, then, up to software to make it easier for
programmers by helping them keep track of the radix point.

I believe that in addition to PL/I that there are some other less
commonly used languages, maybe ADA, that support it.

It can be done in languages like Pascal and C, TeX and Metafont do it.
Multiplication is complicated, though, because most HLL's don't supply
the high half of the product in multiply, or allow a double length
dividend in division. Knuth wrote the Pascal routines for TeX and MF
to do it, and suggests that implementations rewrite them in assembler
for higher performance.
Again, I don't know why you are dragging high level languages into
this. What HLLs do has nothing to do with the utility of features of
HDLs.


Yes you can do fixed point with different positions of the radix
point, PL/I and a small number of other languages do, but on hardware
that doesn't keep track of the radix point.
You seem to be thinking only of CPU designs.  HDL is used for a lot
more than CPU designs.
Well, more than CPU designs, I work on systolic arrays, but even
there so, it doesn't seem likely to help much. Will it generate
pipelined arithmetic units? Of all the things that I have to think
about in logic design, the position of the binary point is one of
the smallest.
Asking about pipelining with fixed point numbers is like asking if
boxes help your car.  Sure, if you want to carry oranges in a car you
can use boxes, but you don't have to.  If your systolic arrays use
fixed point arithmetic then the fixed point package will help your
systolic arrays.  If you don't care about the precision of your
calculations then don't bother using the fixed point package.

In the past, the tools would not synthesize division with a
non-constant divisor. If you generate the division logic yourself,
you can add in any pipelining needed. (I did one once, and not for
a systolic array.) With the hardware block multipliers in many FPGAs,
it may not be necessary to generate pipelined multipliers, but many
will want pipelined divide.
Oh, I see why you are talking about pipelining now. I don't think the
package provides pipelining. But that does not eliminate the utility
of the package. It may not be useful to you if it isn't pipelined,
but many other apps can use non-pipelined arithmetic just fine.


And I don't expect the processor to help me figure out which
ones those are.
What processor?  You have lost me here.  A multiply provides a result
with as many bits as the sum of the bits in the inputs.  But this many
bits are seldom needed.  The fixed point package makes it a little
easier to work with the variety of formats that typically are used in
a case like this.  No, the package does not figure out what you want
to do.  You have to know that, but it does help hide some of the
details.

Yes, multiply generates a wide product, and most processors with
a multiply instruction supply all the bits. But most HLLs don't
provide a way to get those bits. For scaled fixed point, you
shift as appropriate to get the needed product bits out.
I have no interest in what HLLs do. I use HDLs to design hardware and
I determine how the HDL shifts or rounds or whatever it is that I
need.


Similarly, VHDL also has a floating point package that handles
arbitrary sizes of data and exponent.
And that is synthesizable by anyone?
I haven't looked at the floating point package, but if it is described
in terms of basic operators in VHDL it should be synthesizable in
every tool.  That is the point of overloading.  You can define a
multiply operator for real data in terms of the basic building blocks
and this is now a part of the language.  VHDL is extensible that way.
Again, does it synthesize pipelined arithmetic units? If not, then
they aren't much use to anything I would work on. If I do it in
an FPGA that is because normal processors aren't fast enough.
But the big problem with floating point is that it takes too much logic.
The barrel shifter for pre/post normalization for an adder is huge.
(The actual addition, not so huge.)
Nope, the fixed point package does not design pipelines, it isn't a
pipeline package.  Yup, the barrel shifter is as large as a
multiplier.  So what is your point?  The purpose of the package is to
allow you to design floating point arithmetic without designing all
the details of the logic.  It isn't going to reduce the size of the
logic.

The point I didn't make very well was that floating point is still
not very usable in FPGA designs, as it is still too big. If a
design can be pipelined, then it has a chance to be fast enough
to be useful.
Whether floating point is too big depends on your app. Pipelining
does not reduce the size of a design and can only be used in apps that
can tolerate the pipeline latency. You speak as if your needs are the
same as everyone else's.


Historically, FPGA based hardware to accelerate scientific
programming has not done very well in the marketplace. People
keep trying, though, and I would like to see someone succeed.

-- glen
Scientific programming is not the only app for FPGAs and fixed or
floating point arithmetic. Fixed point arithmetic is widely used in
signal processing apps and floating point is often used when fixed
point is too limiting.

Rick
 
On Feb 1, 11:38 am, gtw...@sonic.net (Mark Curry) wrote:>
Nope.  SV synthesis is quite powerful.  Arrays, and structs are first class
citizens in SV and can be members of ports.  Further most tools handle
interfaces now pretty well in synthesis.  There's quite a benefit to using
these in your RTL.

Trying to resist making this a language war, but I see little advantage
one or the other with regard to a "higher level of abstraction".  You can
probably achieve the same with either language.

--Mark- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -
Mark,

Sounds like SV synthesis has improved quite a bit, which is good to
know, and good for the industry. Which tools support these features (I
assume at least Synplify)? As soon as someone standardizes a library
to do fixed point in SV, then it will be able to do what VHDL does :)

I'm not that familiar with SV or SV interfaces in particular. There's
one thing I wish VHDL would do, and that is allow an interface (a
record port with different directionality associated with each element
of the record) on a component/entity/subprogram.

From the abstraction point of view, I think you are right, SV and VHDL
synthesis are pretty close, with specific features being edges in
each's favor.

However, I (and I believe the OP) was not considering SV as just a
version of verilog though. Perhaps that is something that is beginning
to change (the realization that there is another viable choice besides
vanilla verilog and vhdl for synthesis.)

Andy
 
In article <315bd1eb-26b4-4164-b503-9e2146ea7499@l14g2000vbe.googlegroups.com>,
Andy <jonesandy@comcast.net> wrote:
On Feb 1, 11:38 am, gtw...@sonic.net (Mark Curry) wrote:
Nope.  SV synthesis is quite powerful.  Arrays, and structs are first class
citizens in SV and can be members of ports.  Further most tools handle
interfaces now pretty well in synthesis.  There's quite a benefit to using
these in your RTL.

Trying to resist making this a language war, but I see little advantage
one or the other with regard to a "higher level of abstraction".  You can
probably achieve the same with either language.

--Mark- Hide quoted text -

- Show quoted text -

Mark,

Sounds like SV synthesis has improved quite a bit, which is good to
know, and good for the industry. Which tools support these features (I
assume at least Synplify)? As soon as someone standardizes a library
to do fixed point in SV, then it will be able to do what VHDL does :)
I've used Mentor Precision (for FPGAs), and am currently eval'ing Synplify.
Synopsys has supported SV for a while now for ASICs.

I've followed this thread some with some confusion as to what this
"fixed point library" is and/or does. I do all kinds of DSP math
apps in verilog, with variable precision. Yes, you need
to pay attention scaling along the data path. I'm unsure how
a library can really help this.

Although I tend to want to be very precise - drawing out
my data path with all truncation/rounding/etc specifically
called out. I suppose if some library somehow standardized
this... Hmm, need to think about it. Can't see how it'd offer
much benefit.

--Mark
 

Welcome to EDABoard.com

Sponsor

Back
Top