1.) Delta Or Wye?

[Randy Gross]

Greetings,

This question concerns the configuration of an AC genny stator. I like the
Idea of a single common lead and I understand Wye. Delta, on the other
hand, I'm a little unclear about especially causing it to short by improper
hookup. What are the advantages?

An Inquiring mind,
Randy Gross


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[Don Kelly]

"Randy Gross" <rgwg99@acsplus.com> wrote in message
news:01c3ae29$1b436680$2b2525d8@defalut...

Greetings,

This question concerns the configuration of an AC genny stator. I like the
Idea of a single common lead and I understand Wye. Delta, on the other
hand, I'm a little unclear about especially causing it to short by
improper
hookup. What are the advantages?

An Inquiring mind,
Randy Gross

---------

For most cases the Y has the advantage in that the output is not floating as
in a delta and it is also possible to draw single phase loads - i.e. 120V
phase to neutral and 208 phase to phase for 3 phase loads. Most large
generators are Y as the insulation needs are a bit less and one can detect
ground faults.
A delta is essentially an ungrounded system and for low voltage situations
one phase can go to ground accidentally with no problem. Single phase loads
have to be at the voltage from phase to phase (i.e. a 240V delta -allows
240V single phase on any pair of terminals) If you want a 120V/240V load,
then one phase must be center tapped and that tap is usually grounded. that
means you can't do the same on the other phases.
The delta winding has lower currents in the phase windings but the voltage
of the winding is higher (both by a factor of root(3). There is then a
balance between insulation, turns per winding and conductor size. For higher
voltages, this favours Y.
There is a difference in the case of third harmonics. The delta provides a
path for third harmonics but this is of more importance in transformers than
generators.
As far as shorting is concerned: With a proper connection, the voltages of
the three phases cancel when one looks at the loop formed by the connection.
If one of the windings is reversed, then this cancellation doesn't occur and
the voltage source seen by the loop (triangle) of the windings will be twice
the phase voltage causing high short circuit currents to flow in the loop.
Normal : Va +Vb +Vc = 1 +(-0.5 -j0.866) +(-0.5 +j0.866) = 0
reversed: Va +Vb -Vc =1 +(-0.5-j0.866) -(-05+j0.866) =1-j1.73 (magnitude
=2)
Draw the phasors.
--
Don Kelly
dhky@peeshaw.ca
remove the urine to answer

 

[Randy Gross]

Thanks Don,

From your descriptions (very well done), it seems that Delta is a
specialized config where that type of output would be the advantage. I
can't think of a use at this time but, It's good to have options.

Randy























Don Kelly <dhky@peeshaw.ca> wrote in article
<yuyub.429814$9l5.56875@pd7tw2no>...
:
:
:
: "Randy Gross" <rgwg99@acsplus.com> wrote in message
: news:01c3ae29$1b436680$2b2525d8@defalut...
: > Greetings,
: >
: > This question concerns the configuration of an AC genny stator. I like
the
: > Idea of a single common lead and I understand Wye. Delta, on the other
: > hand, I'm a little unclear about especially causing it to short by
: improper
: > hookup. What are the advantages?
: >
: > An Inquiring mind,
: > Randy Gross
: >
: ---------
: For most cases the Y has the advantage in that the output is not floating
as
: in a delta and it is also possible to draw single phase loads - i.e. 120V
: phase to neutral and 208 phase to phase for 3 phase loads. Most large
: generators are Y as the insulation needs are a bit less and one can
detect
: ground faults.
: A delta is essentially an ungrounded system and for low voltage
situations
: one phase can go to ground accidentally with no problem. Single phase
loads
: have to be at the voltage from phase to phase (i.e. a 240V delta -allows
: 240V single phase on any pair of terminals) If you want a 120V/240V load,
: then one phase must be center tapped and that tap is usually grounded.
that
: means you can't do the same on the other phases.
: The delta winding has lower currents in the phase windings but the
voltage
: of the winding is higher (both by a factor of root(3). There is then a
: balance between insulation, turns per winding and conductor size. For
higher
: voltages, this favours Y.
: There is a difference in the case of third harmonics. The delta provides
a
: path for third harmonics but this is of more importance in transformers
than
: generators.
: As far as shorting is concerned: With a proper connection, the voltages
of
: the three phases cancel when one looks at the loop formed by the
connection.
: If one of the windings is reversed, then this cancellation doesn't occur
and
: the voltage source seen by the loop (triangle) of the windings will be
twice
: the phase voltage causing high short circuit currents to flow in the
loop.
: Normal : Va +Vb +Vc = 1 +(-0.5 -j0.866) +(-0.5 +j0.866) = 0
: reversed: Va +Vb -Vc =1 +(-0.5-j0.866) -(-05+j0.866) =1-j1.73 (magnitude
: =2)
: Draw the phasors.
: --
: Don Kelly
: dhky@peeshaw.ca
: remove the urine to answer
:
:
:

 

[Steve]

US Navy ships are always 440 VAC 3 phase Delta. I'm not an electrical type
but as a marine engineer I had to be aware of this and deal with the
limitations for 30+ years.

For lower voltage, such as lighting, you always had to have a bank of 3
transformers.. To mention one of a few limitations..

Don did a better explaination that anyone ever offered me in the navy.
(always got a 'take it or leave it').

Steve
s/v Good Intentions